Journal Home > Volume 4 , Issue 2
Intelligent and Converged Networks 2023, 4(2): 158-167 https://doi.org/10.23919/ICN.2023.0016
Open Access | Issue | Published: 30 June 2023

Design of improved PBFT algorithm based on aggregate signature and node reputation

Show Author's Information Jinhua Fu( ),  Wenhui Zhou,  Jie Xu
College of Software Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
Keywords:
cryptography, blockchain, Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT), consensus mechanism, aggregate signature
Cite this article:
Fu J, Zhou W, Xu J. Design of improved PBFT algorithm based on aggregate signature and node reputation. Intelligent and Converged Networks, 2023, 4(2): 158-167. https://doi.org/10.23919/ICN.2023.0016
Download citation
EndNote(RIS)
BibTeX

380

Views

55

Downloads

Citations

0

Crossref

N/A

WoS

0

Scopus

N/A

CSCD

Abstract Full text About this article

The alliance chain system is a distributed ledger system based on blockchain technology, which can realize data sharing and collaboration among multiple parties while ensuring data security and reliability. The Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) consensus algorithm is the most popular consensus protocol in the alliance chain, but the algorithm has problems such as high complexity and too simple election of the master node, which will make PBFT unable to be applied in scenarios with too many nodes. At the same time, there are certain security issues. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes an improved Byzantine consensus algorithm, Polymerization Signature and Reputation Value PBFT (P-V PBFT). Firstly, the consistency protocol process is improved based on the aggregate signature technology. The simulation results show that the P-V PBFT algorithm can effectively reduce the overhead of network transmission, and the time complexity of the algorithm decreases exponentially, which improves the efficiency of the consensus process. Secondly, the node reputation election mechanism is introduced to elect the primary node, and the security analysis is carried out to verify the fairness and security of the primary node election of the P-V PBFT algorithm. Therefore, as a feasible improvement of the blockchain consensus protocol, the P-V PBFT algorithm can provide more efficient and secure guarantee for the blockchain system in practical application.


menu
Abstract
Full text
Outline
About this article

Design of improved PBFT algorithm based on aggregate signature and node reputation

Show Author's information Jinhua Fu( ), Wenhui Zhou, Jie Xu
College of Software Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China

Abstract

The alliance chain system is a distributed ledger system based on blockchain technology, which can realize data sharing and collaboration among multiple parties while ensuring data security and reliability. The Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) consensus algorithm is the most popular consensus protocol in the alliance chain, but the algorithm has problems such as high complexity and too simple election of the master node, which will make PBFT unable to be applied in scenarios with too many nodes. At the same time, there are certain security issues. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes an improved Byzantine consensus algorithm, Polymerization Signature and Reputation Value PBFT (P-V PBFT). Firstly, the consistency protocol process is improved based on the aggregate signature technology. The simulation results show that the P-V PBFT algorithm can effectively reduce the overhead of network transmission, and the time complexity of the algorithm decreases exponentially, which improves the efficiency of the consensus process. Secondly, the node reputation election mechanism is introduced to elect the primary node, and the security analysis is carried out to verify the fairness and security of the primary node election of the P-V PBFT algorithm. Therefore, as a feasible improvement of the blockchain consensus protocol, the P-V PBFT algorithm can provide more efficient and secure guarantee for the blockchain system in practical application.

Keywords: cryptography, blockchain, Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT), consensus mechanism, aggregate signature

References(34)

[1]

X. Zhou, X. Yang, J. Ma, and K. I. K. Wang, Energy-efficient smart routing based on link correlation mining for wireless edge computing in IoT, IEEE Internet Things J., vol. 9, no. 16, pp. 14988–14997, 2022.
DOI Google Scholar
[2]

L. Qi, W. Lin, X. Zhang, W. Dou, X. Xu, and J. Chen, A correlation graph based approach for personalized and compatible web APIs recommendation in mobile APP development, IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng., vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 5444–5457, 2023.
Google Scholar
[3]

X. Zhou, W. Liang, K. Yan, W. Li, K. I. K. Wang, J. Ma, and Q. Jin, Edge-enabled two-stage scheduling based on deep reinforcement learning for Internet of everything, IEEE Internet Things J., vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 3295–3304, 2022.
DOI Google Scholar
[4]

M. Gorbunova, P. Masek, M. Komarov, and A. Ometov, Distributed ledger technology: State-of-the-art and current challenges, Comput. Sci. Inf. Syst., vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 65–85, 2022.
DOI Google Scholar
[5]

L. Yuan, Q. He, F. Chen, J. Zhang, L. Qi, X. Xu, Y. Xiang, and Y. Yang, CSEdge: Enabling collaborative edge storage for multi-access edge computing based on blockchain, IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst., vol. 33, no. 8, pp. 1873–1887, 2022.
DOI Google Scholar
[6]

A. S. Rajasekaran, M. Azees, and F. Al-Turjman, A comprehensive survey on blockchain technology, Sustain. Energy Technol. Assess., vol. 52, p. 102039, 2022.
DOI Google Scholar
[7]

X. Xu, J. Gu, H. Yan, W. Liu, L. Qi, and X. Zhou, Reputation-aware supplier assessment for blockchain-enabled supply chain in industry 4.0, IEEE Trans. Ind. Inform., vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 5485–5494, 2023.
DOI Google Scholar
[8]

R. Patel, M. Migliavacca, and M. E. Oriani, Blockchain in banking and finance: A bibliometric review, Res. Int. Bus. Finance, vol. 62, p. 101718, 2022.
DOI Google Scholar
[9]

V. K. Manda, V. K. Manda, and V. Katneni, Blockchain for the asset management industry, World Rev. Sci. Technol. Sustain. Dev., vol. 19, nos. 1&2, pp. 170–185, 2023.
DOI Google Scholar
[10]

T. K. Dasaklis, T. G. Voutsinas, G. T. Tsoulfas, and F. Casino, A systematic literature review of blockchain-enabled supply chain traceability implementations, Sustainability, vol. 14, no. 4, p. 2439, 2022.
DOI Google Scholar
[11]

F. Liu, H. Y. Fan, and J. Y. Qi, Blockchain technology, cryptocurrency: Entropy-based perspective, Entropy, vol. 24, no. 4, p. 557, 2022.
DOI Google Scholar
[12]

I. D. Astuti, S. Rajab, and D. Setiyouji, Cryptocurrency blockchain technology in the digital revolution era, Aptisi Trans. Technopreneurship ATT, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 9–16, 2022.
DOI Google Scholar
[13]

X. Zhou, X. Xu, W. Liang, Z. Zeng, and Z. Yan, Deep-learning-enhanced multitarget detection for end–edge–cloud surveillance in smart IoT, IEEE Internet Things J., vol. 8, no. 16, pp. 12588–12596, 2021.
DOI Google Scholar
[14]

S. Wu, S. Shen, X. Xu, Y. Chen, X. Zhou, D. Liu, X. Xue, and L. Qi, Popularity-aware and diverse web APIs recommendation based on correlation graph, IEEE Trans. Comput. Soc. Syst., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 771–782, 2023.
DOI Google Scholar
[15]

H. Xiong, M. Chen, C. Wu, Y. Zhao, and W. Yi, Research on progress of blockchain consensus algorithm: A review on recent progress of blockchain consensus algorithms, Future Internet, vol. 14, no. 2, p. 47, 2022.
DOI Google Scholar
[16]

L. Qi, J. Tian, M. Chai, and H. Cai, LightPoW: A trust based time-constrained PoW for blockchain in Internet of Things, Comput. Netw., vol. 220, p. 109480, 2023.
DOI Google Scholar
[17]
D. Baldouski and A. Tošić, Visualization of consensus mechanisms in PoS based blockchain protocols, presented at the 2022 Slovenian KDD Conference on Data Mining and Data Warehouses (SiKDD), Ljubljana, Slovenian, 2022.
[18]

Z. Pang, Y. Yao, Q. Li, X. Zhang, and J. Zhang, Electronic health records sharing model based on blockchain with checkable state PBFT consensus algorithm, IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 87803–87815, 2022.
DOI Google Scholar
[19]

M. Xie, J. Liu, S. Chen, and M. Lin, A survey on blockchain consensus mechanism: Research overview, current advances and future directions, Int. J. Intell. Comput. Cybern., vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 314–340, 2022.
DOI Google Scholar
[20]
Q. He, S. Tan, F. Chen, X. Xu, L. Qi, X. Hei, H. Jin, and Y. Yang, EDIndex: Enabling fast data queries in edge storage systems, in Proc. 46th Int. ACM SIGIR Conf. Research and Development in Information Retrieval, Taipei, China, 2023.
DOI
[21]
Z. Li, X. Xu, T. Hang, H. Xiang, Y. Cui, L. Qi, and X. Zhou, A knowledge-driven anomaly detection framework for social production system, IEEE Trans. Comput. Soc. Syst., doi: 10.1109/TCSS.2022.3217790.
DOI
[22]

E. F. Cahyadi and M. S. Hwang, A comprehensive survey on certificateless aggregate signature in vehicular ad hoc networks, IETE Tech. Rev., vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 1265–1276, 2022.
DOI Google Scholar
[23]

H. Dai, J. Yu, M. Li, W. Wang, A. X. Liu, J. Ma, L. Qi, and G. Chen, Bloom filter with noisy coding framework for multi-set membership testing, IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng., vol. 35, no. 7, pp. 6710–6724, 2023.
Google Scholar
[24]

L. Qi, Y. Yang, X. Zhou, W. Rafique, and J. Ma, Fast anomaly identification based on multiaspect data streams for intelligent intrusion detection toward secure industry 4.0, IEEE Trans. Ind. Inform., vol. 18, no. 9, pp. 6503–6511, 2022.
DOI Google Scholar
[25]

L. Zhang, L. Hang, and D. Kim, Enhanced multiset consensus protocol based on PBFT for logistics information traceability, Secur. Commun. Netw., vol. 2023, p. 1525998, 2023.
DOI Google Scholar
[26]
H. Liu and Y. Zheng, Application of blockchain technology in railway information sharing research, in Proc. 5th Int. Conf. Computer Information Science and Application Technology (CISAT 2022), Chongqing, China, 2022, p. 124515I.
DOI
[27]
R. Gu, B. Chen, and D. Huang, Primary node selection algorithm of PBFT based on anomaly detection and reputation model, in Proc. 11th Int. Conf. Computer Engineering and Networks, Hechi, China, 2022, 1613–1622.
DOI
[28]

J. Li, X. Li, H. Zhao, B. Yu, T. Zhou, H. Cheng, and N. Sheng, MANDALA: A scalable blockchain model with mesh-and-spoke network and H-PBFT consensus algorithm, Peer-to-Peer Netw. Appl., vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 226–244, 2023.
DOI Google Scholar
[29]
C. Berger, Fast and adaptive BFT state machine replication, in Proc. 23rd Int. Middleware Conf. Doctoral Symp., Quebec, Canada, 2022, pp. 7–10.
DOI
[30]
Y. Wang, Z. Song, and T. Cheng, Improvement research of PBFT consensus algorithm based on credit, in Proc. 1st Int. Conf. Blockchain and Trustworthy Systems (BlockSys 2019), Guangzhou, China, 2019, pp. 47–59.
DOI
[31]
G. Yu, B. Wu, and X. Niu, Improved blockchain consensus mechanism based on PBFT algorithm, in Proc. 2020 2nd Int. Conf. Advances in Computer Technology, Information Science and Communications (CTISC), Suzhou, China, 2020, pp. 14–21.
DOI
[32]

W. Fang, Z. Wang, H. Song, Y. Wang, and Y. Ding, An optimized PBFT consensus algorithm for blockchain, (in Chinese), J. Beijing Jiaotong Univ., vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 58–64, 2019.
Google Scholar
[33]

W. Zhong, X. Zheng, W. Feng, M. Huang, and S. Feng, Improve PBFT based on hash ring, Wirel. Commun. Mob. Comput., vol. 2021, p. 7327372, 2021.
DOI Google Scholar
[34]
B. Jin, Y. Hu, H. Tao, and Y. He, An improved practical Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus algorithm combined with aggregating signature, in Proc. 7th Int. Symp. on Advances in Electrical, Electronics, and Computer Engineering, Xishuangbanna, China, 2022, p. 122944S.
DOI
Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements
Rights and permissions

Publication history

Received: 09 April 2023
Revised: 29 June 2023
Accepted: 30 June 2023
Published: 30 June 2023
Issue date: June 2023

Copyright

© All articles included in the journal are copyrighted to the ITU and TUP.

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgment

This work was supported by the Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61521003), Intergovernmental Special Programme of National Key Research and Development Programme (Nos. 2016YFE0100300 and 2016YFE0100600), National Scientific Fund Programme for Young Scholar (No. 61672470), and Science and Technology Project of Henan Province (Nos. 182102210617 and 202102210351).

Rights and permissions

This work is available under the CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO license:https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo/

Return