Open Access
Issue
Published:
17 April 2023
Experimental Study on the Effect of State of Charge on Failure Propagation Characteristics within Battery Modules
),
Xuning Feng2(
)
Download citation
237
Views
22
Downloads
0
Crossref
N/A
WoS
1
Scopus
0
CSCD
To investigate the effect of different states of charge (SOC) on the thermal runaway (TR) propagation behaviors within lithium-ion-batteries based energy storage modules, an experimental setup was developed to conduct failure propagation tests on battery modules at an SOC of 97%, 85%, and 50%. The result indicates that an increase in the SOC of batteries can decrease the TR trigger temperature, making batteries trigger TR earlier and reducing the average failure propagation time between two adjacent cells. In addition, the failure propagation tests reveal that at higher SOCs, the TR reaction becomes more violent, the maximal reaction temperature is also much higher, and the damage to the battery module is severe. Compared to the battery module with 97% SOC, the TR trigger time of the battery module with 50% SOC was postponed by approximately 57.8%. Meanwhile, the average failure propagation time got prolonged by approximately 36.0%. Thus, this study can provide references for the thermal safety design of energy-storage battery modules.
menu
Experimental Study on the Effect of State of Charge on Failure Propagation Characteristics within Battery Modules
), Xuning Feng2(
)
Abstract
To investigate the effect of different states of charge (SOC) on the thermal runaway (TR) propagation behaviors within lithium-ion-batteries based energy storage modules, an experimental setup was developed to conduct failure propagation tests on battery modules at an SOC of 97%, 85%, and 50%. The result indicates that an increase in the SOC of batteries can decrease the TR trigger temperature, making batteries trigger TR earlier and reducing the average failure propagation time between two adjacent cells. In addition, the failure propagation tests reveal that at higher SOCs, the TR reaction becomes more violent, the maximal reaction temperature is also much higher, and the damage to the battery module is severe. Compared to the battery module with 97% SOC, the TR trigger time of the battery module with 50% SOC was postponed by approximately 57.8%. Meanwhile, the average failure propagation time got prolonged by approximately 36.0%. Thus, this study can provide references for the thermal safety design of energy-storage battery modules.
References(36)
Y Wang, L Wang, M Li, et al. A review of key issues for control and management in battery and ultra-capacitor hybrid energy storage systems. eTransportation, 2020, 4: 100064.
P Yang, S Peng, N Benani, et al. An integrated evaluation on China’s provincial carbon peak and carbon neutrality. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2022, 377: 134497.
D Cui, Z Wang, P Liu, et al. Operation optimization approaches of electric vehicle battery swapping and charging station: A literature review. Energy, 2023, 263: 126095.
G Zhao, X Wang, M Negnevitsky, et al. An up-to-date review on the design improvement and optimization of the liquid-cooling battery thermal management system for electric vehicles. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2023, 219: 119626.
H Wang, Z Du, X Rui, et al. A comparative analysis on thermal runaway behavior of Li(NixCoyMnz)O2 battery with different nickel contents at cell and module level. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2020, 393: 122361.
X Lai, C Jin, W Yi, et al. Mechanism, modeling, detection, and prevention of the internal short circuit in lithium-ion batteries: Recent advances and perspectives. Energy Storage Materials, 2021, 35: 470-499.
Q Xia, Y Ren, Z Wang, et al. Safety risk assessment method for thermal abuse of lithium-ion battery pack based on multiphysics simulation and improved bisection method. Energy, 2022, 264(1): 126228.
S Gao, X Feng, L Lu, et al. An experimental and analytical study of thermal runaway propagation in a large format lithium ion battery module with NCM pouch-cells in parallel. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2019, 135: 93-103.
Z Huang, C Zhao, H Li, et al. Experimental study on thermal runaway and its propagation in the large format lithium ion battery module with two electrical connection modes. Energy, 2020, 205: 117906.
C Xu, F Zhang, X Feng, et al. Experimental study on thermal runaway propagation of lithium-ion battery modules with different parallel-series hybrid connections. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021, 284: 124749.
Z Zhou, X Zhou, B Wang, et al. Experimentally exploring thermal runaway propagation and prevention in the prismatic lithium-ion battery with different connections. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2022, 164: 517-527.
T Liu, J Hu, C Tao, et al. Effect of parallel connection on 18650-type lithium ion battery thermal runaway propagation and active cooling prevention with water mist. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2021, 184: 116291.
H Wang, H Xu, Z Zhao, et al. An experimental analysis on thermal runaway and its propagation in Cell-to-Pack lithium-ion batteries. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2022, 211: 118418.
C Jin, Y Sun, J Yao, et al. No thermal runaway propagation optimization design of battery arrangement for cell-to-chassis technology. eTransportation, 2022, 14: 100199.
W C Chen, Y W Wang, C M Shu. Adiabatic calorimetry test of the reaction kinetics and self-heating model for 18650 Li-ion cells in various states of charge. Journal of Power Sources, 2016, 318: 200-209.
Y Liu, H Niu, J Liu, et al. Layer-to-layer thermal runaway propagation of open-circuit cylindrical li-ion batteries: Effect of ambient pressure. Journal of Energy Storage, 2022, 55: 105709.
X Feng, M Ouyang, X Liu, et al. Thermal runaway mechanism of lithium ion battery for electric vehicles: A review. Energy Storage Materials, 2018, 10: 246-267.
J E, B Zhang, Y Zeng, et al. Effects analysis on active equalization control of lithium-ion batteries based on intelligent estimation of the state-of-charge. Energy, 2022, 238: 121822.
Z Wang, T He, H Bian, et al. Characteristics of and factors influencing thermal runaway propagation in lithium-ion battery packs. Journal of Energy Storage, 2021, 41: 102956.
J Fang, J Cai, X He. Experimental study on the vertical thermal runaway propagation in cylindrical Lithium-ion batteries: Effects of spacing and state of charge. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2021, 197: 117399.
S Zhou, Z Chen, D Huang, et al. A fault tolerant SoC estimation method for series-parallel connected Li-ion battery pack. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2021, 36(12): 13434-13448.
H Li, X Kong, C Liu, et al. Study on thermal stability of nickel-rich/silicon-graphite large capacity lithium ion battery. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2019, 161: 114144.
D Ren, X Feng, L Lu, et al. An electrochemical-thermal coupled overcharge-to-thermal-runaway model for lithium ion battery. Journal of Power Sources, 2017, 364: 328-340.
H Shen, Y Zhang, Y Wu. A comparative study on air transport safety of Lithium-ion batteries with different SOCs. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2020, 179: 115679.
W Zhang, N Ouyang, X Yin, et al. Data-driven early warning strategy for thermal runaway propagation in Lithium-ion battery modules with variable state of charge. Applied Energy, 2022, 323: 119614.
N Mao, T Zhang, Z Wang, et al. Revealing the thermal stability and component heat contribution ratio of overcharged Lithium-ion batteries during thermal runaway. Energy, 2023, 263: 125786.
S Koch, A Fill, K Kelesiadou, et al. Discharge by short circuit currents of parallel-connected Lithium-ion cells in thermal propagation. Batteries, 2019, 5(1): 18.
J Chen, X Rui, H Hsu, et al. Thermal runaway modeling of LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2/graphite batteries under different states of charge. Journal of Energy Storage, 2022, 49: 104090.
C Zhao, J Sun, Q Wang. Thermal runaway hazards investigation on 18650 Lithium-ion battery using extended volume accelerating rate calorimeter. Journal of Energy Storage, 2020, 28: 101232.
C Jin, Y Sun, H Wang, et al. Model and experiments to investigate thermal runaway characterization of lithium-ion batteries induced by external heating method. Journal of Power Sources, 2021, 504: 230065.
K Li, C Xu, H Wang, et al. Investigation for the effect of side plates on thermal runaway propagation characteristics in battery modules. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2022, 201: 117774.
X Feng, L Lu, M Ouyang, et al. A 3D thermal runaway propagation model for a large format lithium ion battery module. Energy, 2016, 115: 194-208.
S Liu, T Ma, Z Wei, et al. Study about thermal runaway behavior of high specific energy density Li-ion batteries in a low state of charge. Journal of Energy Chemistry, 2021, 52: 20-27.
O S Mendoza-Hernandez, H Ishikawa, Y Nishikawa, et al. Cathode material comparison of thermal runaway behavior of Li-ion cells at different state of charges including over charge. Journal of Power Sources, 2015, 280: 499-504.
M Chen, D Ouyang, J Weng, et al. Environmental pressure effects on thermal runaway and fire behaviors of lithium-ion battery with different cathodes and state of charge. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2019, 130: 250-256.
X Feng, S Zheng, D Ren, et al. Investigating the thermal runaway mechanisms of lithium-ion batteries based on thermal analysis database. Applied Energy, 2019, 246: 53-64.
FEEDBACK 
TOP