Research on Dynamic Comprehensive Cooling Measures for High-Temperature Tunnels Based on Heat Source Quantification

To realize the dynamic and accurate design of cooling measures for high-rock (water) temperature tunnels, theoretical formulas are used to conduct quantitative analysis and research on hot water, surrounding rock, construction machinery, cement hydration, blasting, constructors’ dissipation sources and several different cooling measures in a tunnel, and calculates the cooling capacity gap according to the principles of air flow balance and energy balance. The result shows that surrounding rock and boiling water are the main sources of heat dissipation, of which water accounts for more than 50%; The cooling capacity of tunnel environment caused by ice blocks is small, and the cooling capacity brought by ventilation decreases with the increase of ventilation distance, and its attenuation law can be approximated by quadratic curve. The calculated heat exchange air temperature (31.8 ℃) is basically consistent with the field measured temperature (31.0 ℃), indicating the calculated cooling capacity gap can be used as the basis for selecting the power of the mechanical refrigeration. The calculation process and results in this paper can be used as the theoretical basis for the dynamic design of cooling measures of high-rock (water) temperature tunnels and can provide reference for subsequent similar high-rock (water) temperature cooling designs.