The origin of history's first Mathematical "Olympiad"

From 1933 to 1934, Leningrad hosted the world's first local mathematical competition, called the"Olympiad", which improved the discovery of highly intelligent individuals. This paper combines historical materials to analyze the background of the birth of this significant event, the schedule of the competition, and the format of the oral competition which all improved the discovery of highly intelligent individuals. Finally, the historical significance of this competition's title is explored in relation to the evolution of the Olympic movement beyond its traditional physical fitness boundaries.