Multi-Time Scale Optimization Scheduling for Microgrids Containing Electric Vehicle Clusters

When discharging, electric vehicles can serve as distributed energy storage units of the power grid to alleviate the power supply pressure of microgrids with high proportions of new energy integration. Capitalizing on the characteristics of time-of-use tariffs across multi-time scales, this study proposes a multi-time scale optimization scheduling method for microgrids that takes into account clusters of electric vehicles. In day-ahead scheduling phase, the equipment output such as internal energy storage, interruptible loads and transferable loads in the microgrid is optimized based on time of use tariffs; During intra-day optimization scheduling phase, electric vehicle clusters will be included in the energy scheduling of microgrids, and reasonable charging and discharging can be achieved by analyzing the scheduling potential of each electric vehicle cluster. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, electric vehicle clusters are selected to participate in microgrid energy scheduling based on variable time of use tariffs during peak, flat, and valley periods. The results show that the multi-time scale optimization scheduling for microgrids considering the participation of electric vehicle clusters can make full use of the energy storage resources of electric vehicle clusters and improve the flexibility and economy of microgrid scheduling operation.