CCUS system security risk assessment in oil and gas industry: A comprehensive review

With the rapid increase in the number and scale of carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) demonstration projects and commercial utilization, there is an urgent need to consolidate the foundation of CCUS security development and improve the level of security risk assessment based on security risk identification, assessment, prevention and management. China’s oil and gas industry CCUS has now entered a new stage of cluster development. The existing CCUS single-link safety risk assessment model is not only difficult to capture the dynamic changes and nonlinear effects in the complex environment, but also features the dispersion of assessment objectives and directly follows the existing model, which will lead to defects in the analysis of risk transfer behavior and accident evolution mechanism of the new CCUS system. In order to adapt to this trend, system modeling based on risk correlation analysis and dynamic evolution process is helpful to optimize security risk assessment methods, so as to build a more scientific, more accurate and more effective security risk assessment system for the new CCUS system under CCUS cluster deployment in oil and gas industry, and provide support for strengthening the integrated construction of “security risk assessment-monitoring-early warning-prevention”, improving the level of accident prevention, optimizing emergency management system and resource allocation, to ensure the sustainable development of CCUS.