Modeling and parameter design methodology for component-level performance model of ducted ram air generation turbine

With the growing power demand of airborne systems, the ducted ram air turbine is considered an ideal onboard power-generation solution due to its high efficiency and low aerodynamic drag. However, its ducted configuration leads to strong component coupling, complicating system modeling and performance analysis. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a component-level modeling approach and a parameter design methodology for the ducted ram air turbine. In this method, the model is modeled by a component method, and the model parameters are designed by a particle swarm optimization algorithm to automatically match the performance parameters of design points accurately, and Newton-Raphson method was used to solve the model, which provided a reliable basis for system analysis. The effectiveness of this method is validated by the modeling and parameter design of a type of ducted ram turbine system with bypass and compressor, which also reveals the potential advantages of this system. The simulation results at non-design points demonstrate that, when the bypass is opened, the working envelope area of this ram air generation turbine expands to 332.48% of the closed state at 26 kW. This substantial increase significantly enhances the effective working range. A notable improvement in system stability is also indicated by the time it takes for the response to reach 95% following dynamic step interference, which rises to 307.59%.