Recent Progress in Cellulose-Based Aerogels Applied to Microplastic Filtration

Microplastic pollution poses a grave threat to the aquatic ecological environment and human health, making the development of efficient and eco-friendly microplastic removal technologies of paramount importance. Owing to their high porosity, excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, cellulose-based aerogels exhibit good application prospects in the field of microplastic filtration. This review summarizes the research progress of cellulose-based aerogels for microplastic filtration in recent years, highlights their typical preparation methods, elucidates the microplastic filtration mechanisms involving physical interception and synergistic adsorption via multiple mechanisms, systematizes the functional modification strategies for enhancing material filtration performance, and analyzes the key bottlenecks constraining current research. It aims to provide a scientific reference for the development of efficient, sustainable and environmentally friendly microplastic filtration technologies based on cellulose-based aerogel materials.