Microbial species, abundance patterns, and potential antibiotic resistance genes in public facilities of tropical coastal urban green spaces

Coastal cities in southern China have a humid coastal climate, providing ideal natural conditions for the reproduction of microorganisms. Understanding the distribution of microbial communities and associated resistance genes in the relevant areas of coastal cities is crucial for assessing the potential transmission risks of diseases and infections. Taking the green spaces of a coastal city in Hainan Province as a representative example, microbial identification and resistance gene analysis were carried out in nearby public facilities. The collected microbial samples were first isolated, cultured and purified, and species identification was completed using 16S rRNA and ITS amplicon sequencing analysis. Subsequently, the potential resistance genes of these microorganisms were analyzed using metagenomics. The results show that the main microorganisms in this area include Bacillus sp., Providencia sp., Proteus sp., Alternaria sp., Fusarium sp. and Aspergillus sp.. Genes related to metabolism are relatively abundant in these microorganisms, especially those associated with carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. Antibiotic resistance genes vanY, vanW, vanT and FosBx1 were detected in these microorganisms. These resistance genes are associated with vancomycin and fosfomycin resistance, suggesting a potential risk of antibiotic resistance in this area.