Challenges and their countermeasures in the use of adhesives in the conservation of cultural relics

Conservation of cultural relics is of great significance, since it provides information that increases understanding of our historical inheritance. Adhesive bonding technology has been used for the conservation of cultural relics for a long time. In this work, the current status of the use of adhesive materials in the preservation of cultural relics has been reviewed, including their composition, characteristics, and applications. We also discuss the difficulties, challenges, and appropriate countermeasures concerning the direct application of modern adhesive technology in cultural relic conservation. Based on existing research achievements, strategies for further development in the use of adhesive materials in conservation are proposed. Finally, we suggest that future developments in cultural relic protection materials will require an integrated interdisciplinary approach.