Analysis of Air-Cooling System and Heat-Dissipation Capacity for High-Density Cabinets in Data Centers

With the rapid development of information technology and the wide application of intelligent arithmetic, the power density of a single cabinet continues to increase. Such high-power-density configurations cause severe cooling challenges while significantly increasing computing power. This study tests a two-phase microchannel self-driven cabinet-level air-cooling system for data centers dominated by air-cooling technology. The test results show that the system can achieve a heat-transfer capacity of 40 kW. The system is subsequently applied to a high-density cabinet demonstration project in Taiyuan. The measured data show that when the power of the cabinet reaches 30 kW under full-load conditions, this system can effectively satisfy its heat-dissipation requirements. In addition, this study constructs a heat-transfer model based on experimental data and further explores the heat-transfer capability of two-phase self-driven cabinet-level air-cooled terminals under different external conditions, with the aim of exploring the limits of air-cooling systems. The results show that the air-cooled terminal can realize a heat dissipation of 65.2 kW if the return air temperature of the cabinet-level terminal is maintained at 35 ℃, the temperature of the chilled water source is as low as 12 ℃, and the wind speed on the terminal reaches 5 m/s. Based on experimental validation and theoretical analysis, this study offers new possibilities and technical support for stock air-cooled data centers to further improve their arithmetic power.