Development status and trends of intelligent control technology in unmanned farms

With China’s urbanization，land circulation has emerged as an avenue for efficient and intensive land use. Embracing technology as a primary driver，the unmanned farm technology model represents a bold attempt at sustainable agriculture development. This review focuses on the frontier and development trajectory of key core technologies，and addresses the significant industrial challenges of insufficient accumulation of data on unmanned farms，unknown interaction mechanisms among the environment，plants，and equipment，and lack of multi-parameter integration and regulation strategies for intelligent equipment. Technologies such as autonomous positioning and navigation，online professional sensor，work obstacle information perception，path planning，decision-making，multi-machine collaboration，autonomous operation，and variable operation technology have been implemented in this study. The research shows that，in future，realizing unmanned farms requires special sensors for agricultural intelligent equipment，precise operational decision control systems，and practically intelligent equipment. At meanwhile，addressing such challenges necessitates a focus on core technologies such as insufficient basic big data accumulation of unmanned farms，modeling of environment-plant-equipment interaction mechanism，and intelligent decision control algorithm. This comprehensive improvement in automation，intelligence，and environmental sustainability of agricultural production marks the future development trajectory of unmanned farms.