Development status and trends of space-air-ground integrated information sensing and fusion technology

New agricultural monitoring technologies based on satellite remote sensing, unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing, intelligent sensing terminals and IoT network have made significant progress in their respective fields. However, it is difficult for single monitoring ways to meet the comprehensive sensing needs of modern agriculture, so it is urgent to develop a multi-source, multi-scale of space-air-ground cooperative monitoring and intelligent sensing system. The study first introduces some problems in China's agricultural development and points out the necessity of using space-air-ground information fusion technology; then analyzes the traditional sensing information technology of space, air and ground respectively. The applications of satellite remote sensing technology in different fields and the data acquisition and processing methods of UAV remote sensing technology in the subdivision fields of pest and disease detection, phenotype analysis and drought stress detection are summarized. Finally, the key technologies and networking methods of intelligent sensing terminal and IoT networks in ground networks are analyzed, and advantages and disadvantages, key technologies, and future development trends of space, air, ground network are analyzed respectively in detail. Combined with the deficiencies of the existing monitoring technology, this study summarizes the latest research results and applications of space, air and ground sensing technology in the integrated agricultural situation monitoring at home and abroad. Based on above analysis, the key technical problems that have not been solved in the research and application of space-air-ground integrated agricultural information sensing and fusion technology are pointed out. In addition, this study proposes that China's space-air-ground information sensing and fusion technology should develop in the direction of stability, refinement, and systematization, which provides a new perspective for the development and application of multi-source information fusion monitoring technology in the future. This study provides a reference for analyzing the hotspots of space, air and ground information sensing, breaking through the bottleneck of their applications, and grasping the development trend of integrated sensing and fusion technology, so as to enhance development of China's agricultural information perception in the way of three-dimension, preciseness and intelligence.