Dynamic Reservation and Allocation Optimization Model of Shared Parking Slots in Multiple Parking Lots

In order to alleviate the parking difficulty, make more balanced use of parking resources and realize the dynamic response to parking demands, this study established an integer programming model for dynamic reservation and allocation of shared parking slots in multiple parking lots by taking several adjacent off-street parking lots as the research object. Aiming at making full use of parking resources and saving users' parking costs, the model adopts linear weighting to combine the goals and adaptively selects dynamic weight coefficients according to the real-time number of parking requests. The allocation results were optimized iteratively by adjusting the parking requests from the car that does not arrive. In addition, dynamic pricing mechanism was introduced to balance the utilization of each parking lot. The model was evaluated by four indicators: parking space utilization rate, parking request acceptance rate, average walking distance and equilibrium degree of parking area. the model was verified by simulation experiments. The results show that, compared with the traditional unadjusted model, the proposed model can increase the utilization and acceptance rates by 10.70% and 20.08%, respectively, on average by iteratively optimizing the unreached parking requests. The improvement degree of utilization increases first and then decreases with the number of parking requests. The average walking distance of users increases by about 10m, but it still meets the travel needs of users. Compared with the static weight model, the utilization rate and acceptance rate of the embedded dynamic weight model are increased by 2.2% and 10.88%, respectively. The dynamic weight model can better adapt to the dynamic changes of parking demand, so that parking resources can be fully utilized during peak hours. Compared with the static pricing model, the dynamic pricing mechanism was introduced to evenly distribute vehicles to each parking lot, and the equilibrium degree of parking area is reduced by 0.074 on average, so as to realize the balanced utilization of parking resources. The model can provide theoretical reference for parking allocation and management decision-making of shared parking platform and alleviate the problem of urban parking.