The clinical and bacteriological analysis of the diabetic with oral and maxillofacial space infections

To analyze the clinical characteristics of oral and maxillofacial space infection between the diabetic and non-diabetic patients and to explore the common pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic sensitivity of diabetic patients, to guide the clinical medication.

A retrospective study was conducted on 61 patients who received treatment in Qingdao municipal hospital affiliated to Qingdao university, between December 2014 and December 2016 with Oral and maxillofacial space infection. The 61 patients were divided into diabetic group and non-diabetic group. The research contented the patients’age, sex, source of infection, pathogenic bacteria, antibacterial drugs sensitivity, fasting blood glucose levels, white blood cell total and neutrophils percentage, and days of hospitalization. T test and chi-square test in SASS.19.0 software was used.

In the 2 groups of patients, the most common etiological factor was odontogenic infection; the most easiest affected space was submandibular space. The most common pathogenic bacteria were streptococcus. Vancomycin was the most sensitive drug, then levofloxacin and cefotaxime. In addition, the diabetes patients’age, fasting blood glucose levels and hospitalization days were significantly higher than non-diabetic patients’.

For the diabetic patients with maxillofacial space infection, levofloxacin and cefotaxime was first used for the conservative treatments when the results of the bacterial culture and drug susceptibility test are not obtained. Meanwhile, according to the oral and maxillofacial anatomy, combination of anti-anaerobic agents such as Tinidazole is also suggested. But the final situation of medication is based on the result of the drug susceptibility test.