Occurrence status and influencing factors of pressure injury during hospitalization in high-risk elderly patients based on a mobile information platform

To analyze the occurrence status of pressure injury (PI) and its influencing factors in high-risk elderly patients during hospitalization based on a mobile information platform.

A total of 330 elderly inpatients admitted to Tangshan Central Hospital from April 2023 to December 2023 were enrolled as the study subjects. According to the results of Braden scale at admission, they were assigned to a high-risk group and a extremely high-risk group (Braden scale score ≤12 points). Data such as occurrence status, staging and distribution characteristics of PI during hospitalization were collected based on a mobile information platform. The patients were also divided into a PI group and a non-PI (NPI) group based on whether PI occurred. General clinical data, diagnostic results, findings in physical examination, treatment and medication were compared between the two groups. SPSS 27.0 statistics was used for data analysis. Independent-samples t test or χ² test was performed for comparison between groups depending on data type. A logistic regression model was constructed to analyze the factors influencing PI in elderly inpatients.

Among the 330 elderly inpatients, 36 (10.91%) developed PI (69 sites in total), of which 26 cases (72.22%) had ≥2 PI sites. There were 37 lesions (53.62%) at stage 2 and 14 lesions (20.29%) at stage 1. Thirty-one PI lesions (44.93%) occurred in the sacrococcygeal region, followed by the hip (11 lesions, 15.94%) and the heel (8 lesions, 11.59%). Taking whether PI occurred in elderly inpatients as the dependent variable, logistic regression analysis revealed that age ≥65 years (OR=1.044, 95%CI 1.020-1.069, P<0.001), concomitant diabetes mellitus (OR=1.067, 95%CI 1.012-1.125, P=0.016), disturbance of consciousness (OR=2.575, 95%CI 1.696-3.910, P<0.001), flushing/ruddy/abnormal skin color (OR=5.836, 95%CI 1.755-19.404, P=0.004) and skin breakdown (OR=6.547, 95%CI 2.197-19.506, P<0.001) were risk factors for PI in high-risk elderly inpatients, and serum albumin level ≥36 g/L (OR=0.632, 95%CI 0.512-0.779, P<0.001) was a protective factor.

Age, diabetes mellitus, disturbance of consciousness, skin condition and serum albumin level are influencing factors for PI in high-risk elderly inpatients. Clinical attention should be paid to PI screening and prevention in patients with these features.