An open-source information fusion-based analysis method for public safety explosion accidents

Following an explosion accident, a public safety explosion accident analysis method based on open-source information fusion was proposed to quickly and accurately assess the scope and severity of the accident's impact and to formulate a scientific and reasonable emergency response strategy. Furthermore, regarding the May 27 chemical plant explosion accident in Gaomi, Shandong, a logical chain for accident analysis was rapidly constructed. Specifically, open-source information was used to obtain critical details such as the explosion generation, the shock waves propagation, and structural damage to buildings in both the plant area and far field. Based on criteria for structural damage and the laws of shockwave propagation, the explosion source location and TNT equivalent were reverse-calculated, and the cause of the accident was analyzed. Numerical simulations provided key evidence for improving safety protection in industrial plants. The results indicate that the explosion source was located at the No.1 nitration device, with a TNT equivalent of approximately 12000 kg TNT, consistent with the conclusion based on field investigation, thereby verifying the effectiveness and accuracy of this method. The main causes of the accident were identified as the company's actual production load exceeding design standards, prolonged operation of equipment under full load conditions, and long-term neglect of the safety interlock system. The production plant should strengthen the blast-resistant protection measures for buildings from four aspects: control the stockpile of explosive hazardous materials, general layout zoning and isolation, safety control against sympathetic detonation, and peripheral protection for key explosion-prone installations, so as to improve the structural blast resistance, reduce casualties and equipment damage, and narrow the damage scope. The proposal of this method provides a novel approach to the existing accident investigation system, effectively enriches investigation techniques, overcomes the limitations of traditional analytical methods, and demonstrates the necessity for continued research and practical value.