Anti-Scour Characteristics of Multi-Cell Tube Energy-Absorbing Column Filled with Aluminum Foam

The anti-scour performance of hydraulic support is the key to prevent roadway rock burst. Based on the research foundation of energy absorption components, this paper proposes a new type of energy absorption component filled with aluminum foam, and studies the energy absorption characteristics of the anti-shock column. Through the numerical simulation method, the optimal energy-absorbing performance of the multi-cell tube with different wall thicknesses was selected for seven different ways of aluminum foam filling. The simulation was verified by quasi-static crushing tests, and the filling type of the energy-absorbing component with better energy-absorbing performance (MRYF type) was analyzed. Through the coupling simulation method of drop hammer impact hydraulic system, the impact characteristics of conventional column (no safety valve function) and component energy absorption column (MRYF type energy absorption component function alone) under different impact energy were analyzed. Then the energy absorption characteristics of hydraulic energy absorption column (safety valve acting alone) with hydraulic-component energy absorption column (MRYF type energy absorption component and safety valve acting together) under the action of strong impact energy were compared. The results show that the average bearing capacity of the new energy-absorbing component is increased by 18.11%, the energy absorption is increased by 7.64%, the load mean square error is reduced by 10.75%, the deformation mode is more regular, and the comprehensive energy-absorbing performance is better. Under different impact energy, the peak value of liquid pressure in energy-absorbing column decreases obviously. Under the action of strong impact energy, the peak value of liquid pressure in the hydraulic-component energy absorbing column is reduced by 6.28 MPa compared with the hydraulic energy absorbing column, and the liquid pressure in the column is more stable. Adding new energy absorbing components can reduce energy absorption and the maximum liquid pressure inside the support column under impact load. At the same time, it can reduce the total impact energy applied to the safety valve and improve the adaptability of the safety valve to different impact loads. Further, it improves the impact resistance of the support column under impact load and provides theoretical basis for the design of anti-impact support.