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Review | Open Access

Hydrogel-based therapies for diabetic foot ulcers: recent developments and clinical implications

Shuao Zhao1,2,‡, Xinyu Hu1,‡, Yiwen Zhao1,‡, Yige Zhang1, Yesheng Jin2,3, Fei Hua4( ), Yong Xu2,3 ( ), Wenge Ding1( )
Department of Traumatic Orthopaedics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, No. 185 Juqian Road, Changzhou 213003, Jiangsu, China
Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, No. 178 East Ganjiang Road, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China
Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, No. 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China
Department of Endocrine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 185 Juqian Road, Changzhou 213003, Jiangsu, China

‡Shuao Zhao, Xinyu Hu, and Yiwen Zhao contributed equally to this work.

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Highlights

• The etiology and management of diabetic foot conditions are summarized.

• The functional needs of hydrogels for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers are methodically outlined, taking into account the physiological, physical, andchemical aspects.

• Recent advancements in responsive and multifunctional hydrogels for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers are reviewed.

• The safety and efficacy data and challenges of hydrogel dressings for the treatment of diabetic foot in clinical settings are reviewed.

Abstract

The diabetic foot ulcer is among the most serious diabetes-associated complications, with a long disease course considerably increasing the pain and economic burden of patients, leading to amputation and even death. High blood sugar is characteristic of diabetic foot ulcers, with insufficient blood supply, oxidative stress disorder, and high-risk bacterial infection posing great challenges for disease treatment. Advances in hydrogel dressings have shown potential for the management of diabetic foot ulcers involving multisystem lesions. This study comprehensively reviews the pathogenesis of diabetic foot ulcers and advances in hydrogel dressings in treating diabetic foot ulcers, providing innovative perspectives for assessing the nursing care requirements and associated clinical applications.

Keywords

Diabetic foot ulcerHydrogel dressingsTissue engineering

References

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Burns & Trauma
Volume 13 Issue 3,
March 2025
Article number: tkae084
DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkae084

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Cite this article:
Zhao S, Hu X, Zhao Y, et al. Hydrogel-based therapies for diabetic foot ulcers: recent developments and clinical implications. Burns & Trauma, 2025, 13(3): tkae084. https://doi.org/10.1093/burnst/tkae084

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Received: 12 September 2024
Revised: 03 December 2024
Accepted: 06 December 2024
Published: 10 October 2026
© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.