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Review | Open Access

Organoids in skin wound healing

Zitong Wang1 , Feng Zhao2, Hongxin Lang2, Haiyue Ren3, Qiqi Zhang4, Xing Huang5, Cai He1, Chengcheng Xu1 , Chiyu Tan1, Jiajie Ma1, Shu Duan1, Zhe Wang1 ( )
Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Shenyang Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110013, China
Department of Pathology, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine (Wuhan No. 1 Hospital), No. 215 Zhongshan Street, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
Department of Pathology, Chengdu Third People’s Hospital, No. 82 Qinglong Street, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
Department of Anaesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yantaxi Road, Xi’an, Shanxi 710061, China
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Highlights

• Skin organoids can help to form skin appendages such as sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and hair follicles, which help skin wound to achieve structural and functional reconstruction.

• Microfluidic systems, 3D printing technology, CRISPR-mediated gene editing, and AI-driven high-throughput automation are revolutionizing organoid research, enabling standard organoid molding, precise gene targeting, and efficient drug screening, thus paving the way for skin organoid research.

• Major current issues facing skin organoids include a lack of consistency, challenges with vascularization, the absence of an immune system, and ethical concerns related to clinical translation.

Abstract

Stem cells (SCs) can self-replicate and differentiate into multiple lineages. Organoids, 3D cultures derived from SCs, can replicate the spatial structure and physiological characteristics of organs in vitro. Skin organoids can effectively simulate the physiological structure and function of skin tissue, reliably restoring the natural skin ecology in various in vitro environments. Skin organoids have been employed extensively in skin development and pathology research, offering valuable insights for drug screening. Moreover, they play crucial roles in skin regeneration and tissue repair. This in-depth review explores the construction and applications of skin organoids in wound healing, with a focus on their construction process, including skin appendage integration, and significant advancements in wound-healing research.

Keywords

Skin organoidsTissue engineeringPluripotent stem cellsSkin wound healing

References

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Burns & Trauma
Volume 13 Issue 1,
January 2025
Article number: tkae077
DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkae077

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Cite this article:
Wang Z, Zhao F, Lang H, et al. Organoids in skin wound healing. Burns & Trauma, 2025, 13(1): tkae077. https://doi.org/10.1093/burnst/tkae077

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Received: 22 June 2024
Revised: 30 October 2024
Accepted: 11 November 2024
Published: 10 October 2026
© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.