Recent progress of antipoisoning catalytic materials for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells doped with phosphoric acid

High-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) have the unique advantages of fast electrode reaction kinetics, high CO tolerance, and simple water and thermal management at their operating temperature (120–300 ℃), which can effectively solve the hydrogen source problem and help achieve the dual-carbon goal. The catalysts in HT-PEMFCs are mainly Pt-based catalysts, which have good catalytic activity in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR). However, in HT-PEMFCs, the high load of platinum-based catalysts to alleviate the limitation of strong adsorption of phosphoric acid (PA) on the platinum surface on activity expression leads to high cost, insufficient activity, decreased activity under long-term operation and carrier corrosion. The present review mainly summarizes the latest research progress of HT-PEMFCs catalysts, systematically analyzes the application of precious metal and non-precious metal catalysts in HT-PEMFCs, and unveils the structure–activity relationship and anti-PA poisoning mechanism. The current challenges and opportunities faced by HT-PEMFCs are discussed, as well as possible future solutions. It is believed that this review can provide some inspiration for the future development of high-performance HT-PEMFC catalysts.