411
Views
20
Downloads
0
Crossref
N/A
WoS
0
Scopus
N/A
CSCD
Several vaccines have been approved against COVID-19, and 5 have been used in Indonesia. Due to the decrease in antibody levels 3 to 6 months after the second dose of CoronaVac, healthcare workers received the third booster of mRNA vaccine (mRNA-1273) to increase the antibody level. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors of anti-S-RBD IgG levels differences in healthcare workers.
This study is a retrospective cohort study of 576 healthcare workers without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection who received 2 doses of CoronaVac and the third dose of mRNA-1273 6 months after the second dose. Blood samples were obtained 2nd, 6th, 12th, and 24th weeks after the second dose of CoronaVac vaccine administration, with mRNA-1273 booster on week 20. Quantitative measurements of IgG antibodies were performed with Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S immunoassay. We identify the baseline factors predicting post-vaccination antibody titers using univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis.
This study comprised 576 participants aged 32 years old, 72.05% female, and 45.84% from high-risk occupation subgroups. The median antibodies titer level on the 2nd, 6th, 12th, and 24th weeks after the second vaccine dose administration were 40.99 u/mL, 42.01 u/mL, 54.78 u/mL, and 23,225 u/mL. Antibody levels trended highest in female and younger age group (20-29 years old).
The third dose of vaccine increased the quantitative SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG antibody titers and eliminated differences in antibodies titer by gender.
Several vaccines have been approved against COVID-19, and 5 have been used in Indonesia. Due to the decrease in antibody levels 3 to 6 months after the second dose of CoronaVac, healthcare workers received the third booster of mRNA vaccine (mRNA-1273) to increase the antibody level. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors of anti-S-RBD IgG levels differences in healthcare workers.
This study is a retrospective cohort study of 576 healthcare workers without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection who received 2 doses of CoronaVac and the third dose of mRNA-1273 6 months after the second dose. Blood samples were obtained 2nd, 6th, 12th, and 24th weeks after the second dose of CoronaVac vaccine administration, with mRNA-1273 booster on week 20. Quantitative measurements of IgG antibodies were performed with Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S immunoassay. We identify the baseline factors predicting post-vaccination antibody titers using univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis.
This study comprised 576 participants aged 32 years old, 72.05% female, and 45.84% from high-risk occupation subgroups. The median antibodies titer level on the 2nd, 6th, 12th, and 24th weeks after the second vaccine dose administration were 40.99 u/mL, 42.01 u/mL, 54.78 u/mL, and 23,225 u/mL. Antibody levels trended highest in female and younger age group (20-29 years old).
The third dose of vaccine increased the quantitative SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG antibody titers and eliminated differences in antibodies titer by gender.
A Padoan, C Cosma, F Bonfante, et al., Neutralizing antibody titers six months after Comirnaty vaccination: kinetics and comparison with SARS-CoV-2 immunoassays, Clin. Chemistry and Laboratory Med. (CCLM) 60 (3) (2022) 456–463, doi: 10.1515/cclm-2021-1247.
S Feng, DJ Phillips, T White, et al., Correlates of protection against symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, Nat Med 27 (11) (2021), doi: 10.1038/s41591-021-01540-1.
EG Levin, Y Lustig, C Cohen, et al., Waning immune humoral response to BNT162b2 Covid-19 vaccine over 6 months, N Engl J Med 385 (24) (2021), doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2114583.
J Khoury, R Najjar-Debbiny, A Hanna, et al., COVID-19 vaccine – long term immune decline and breakthrough infections, Vaccine 39 (48) (2021), doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.10.038.
N Doria-Rose, MS Suthar, M Makowski, et al., Antibody persistence through 6 Months after the Second Dose of mRNA-1273 Vaccine for Covid-19, N Engl J Med 384 (23) (2021), doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2103916.
RS Heriyanto, A Kurniawan, F Wijovi, et al., The role of COVID-19 survivor status and gender towards neutralizing antibody titers 1, 2, 3 months after Sinovac vaccine administration on clinical-year medical students in Indonesia: Role of COVID-19 survivor status and gender towards neutralizing antibody titers after Sinovac vaccine administration, Int J Infect Dis 113 (2021), doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.10.009.
P Naaber, L Tserel, K Kangro, et al., Dynamics of antibody response to BNT162b2 vaccine after six months: a longitudinal prospective study, Lancet Reg Heal - Eur 10 (2021), doi: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100208.
N Vassilaki, AN Gargalionis, A Bletsa, et al., Impact of age and sex on antibody response following the second dose of covid-19 bnt162b2 mrna vaccine in greek healthcare workers, Microorganisms 9 (8) (2021), doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9081725.
A Wald, Booster vaccination to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission and infection, JAMA 327 (4) (2022) 327–328, doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.23726.
RSG Sablerolles, WJR Rietdijk, A Goorhuis, et al., Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of vaccine boosters after Ad26.COV2.S priming, N Engl J Med 386 (10) (2022), doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2116747.
Jira Chansaenroj, Ritthideach Yorsaeng, Jiratchaya Puenpa, et al., Long-Term Persistence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) spike protein-specific and neutralizing antibodies in recovered COVID-19 patients, PLOS ONE 17 (4) (2022), doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267102.
M Shrotri, A Navaratnam, V Nguyen, et al., Spike-antibody waning after second dose of BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1, The Lancet 398 (10298) (2021) 385–387.
E Terpos, IP Trougakos, F Apostolakou, et al., Age-dependent and gender-dependent antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 in health workers and octogenarians after vaccination with the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, Vol. 96, American Journal of Hematology 96 (7) (2021) E257–E259, doi: 10.1002/ajh.26185.
L Müller, M Andrée, W Moskorz, et al., Age-dependent Immune Response to the Biontech/Pfizer BNT162b2 Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination, Clin Infect Dis 73 (11) (2021), doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab381.
S Hägg, D. Religa, COVID vaccination in older adults, Nature Microbiol 7 (8) (2022) 1106–1107, doi: 10.1038/s41564-022-01166-0.
GL Salvagno, BM Henry, G Di Piazza, et al., Anti-sars-cov-2 receptor-binding domain total antibodies response in seropositive and seronegative healthcare workers undergoing covid-19 mrna bnt162b2 vaccination, Diagnostics 11 (5) (2021), doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11050832.
H Peckham, NM de Gruijter, C Raine, et al., Male sex identified by global COVID-19 meta-analysis as a risk factor for death and ITU admission, Nat Commun 11 (1) (2020), doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19741-6.
NT Nguyen, J Chinn, M de Ferrante, et al., Male gender is a predictor of higher mortality in hospitalized adults with COVID-19, PLoS One 16 (7) (2021) e0254066, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254066.
T Ding, J Zhang, T Wang, et al., Potential influence of menstrual status and sex hormones on female severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection: a cross-sectional multicenter study in Wuhan, China, Clin Infect Dis 72 (9) (2021), doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa1022.
We thank the laboratory and medical record staffs in Siloam Hospitals Group for their expertise and assistance throughout collecting the laboratory records.
This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)