Non-coding RNAs in intracerebral hemorrhage: Roles, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), which is a form of stroke triggered by the rupture of blood vessels within the brain tissue, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although significant progress has been made in comprehending the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of ICH, effective therapies remain limited, and specific biomarkers for monitoring disease progression are still lacking. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been shown to be promising biomarkers in numerous central nervous system (CNS) diseases. In particular, microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are usually studied as potential targets for disease therapy. However, their roles in ICH are not yet fully understood. This review seeks to consolidate current knowledge on the roles of ncRNAs in ICH, explore the underlying mechanisms, and discuss potential therapeutic strategies.