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Review Article | Open Access

Disruption of mitochondrial DNA integrity in cardiomyocyte injury upon ischemia/reperfusion

Shengnan Hua,1, Xueying Tangd,1, Fangrui Zhub,1, Chen Liangb, Sa Wanga, Hongjie Wanga( ), Peifeng Lic( ), Yuzhen Lib( )
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
Basic Medical Department, Graduate School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, China

Peer review under the responsibility of the Genes & Diseases Editorial Office, in alliance with the Association of Chinese Americans in Cancer Research (ACACR, Baltimore, MD, USA).

1 These authors contributed equally to this work.

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Abstract

Mitochondria serve as the energy provider and enable life activities, and they are the only organelles containing extra-chromosomal DNA. Each mitochondrion contains multiple copies of its genome, which is usually referred to as mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). mtDNA encodes necessary electron transport chain complex subunits, as well as the essential RNAs for their translation within the organelle. Therefore, the precondition for intact mitochondrial function and cardiomyocyte survival is the integrity of mtDNA. Accumulating evidence suggests that the disruption of mtDNA integrity is involved in ischemia/reperfusion-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiomyocyte injury. Here, we review the current opinions about the pathways of mtDNA integrity maintenance and discuss the role of mtDNA integrity in cardiomyocyte injury reacting to ischemia/reperfusion. We also discuss the mechanisms by which mtDNA mediates ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiomyocyte injury, together with therapeutic strategies by targeting mtDNA.

Keywords

CardiomyocyteIschemia/reperfusionmtDNAPackageRepairReplicationTranscription

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Genes & Diseases
Volume 12 Issue 3,
May 2025
Article number: 101282
DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2024.101282

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Cite this article:
Hu S, Tang X, Zhu F, et al. Disruption of mitochondrial DNA integrity in cardiomyocyte injury upon ischemia/reperfusion. Genes & Diseases, 2025, 12(3): 101282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gendis.2024.101282

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Received: 17 September 2023
Revised: 07 February 2024
Accepted: 20 February 2024
Published: 28 March 2024
© 2024 The Authors.

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).