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Forest Ecosystems 2023, 10(1): 100098 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fecs.2023.100098
Research Article | Open Access | Issue | Published: 18 February 2023

Land-use change and windstorms legacies drove the recolonization dynamics of laurel forests in Tenerife, Canary islands

Show Author's Information Vicente Rozasa( ),  María A. García-Lópeza,  José M. Olanoa,  Gabriel Sangüesa-Barredaa,  Miguel García-Hidalgoa,  Susana Gómez-Gonzálezb,c,  Roberto López-Rubiod,  José M. Fernández-Palaciose,  Ignacio García-Gonzálezf,  Laura Lozano-Lópezd,  Paula García-Gonzálezd,  Ana I. García-Cervigónd
EiFAB-iuFOR, Universidad de Valladolid, Campus Duques de Soria, 42004, Soria, Spain
Departamento de Biología-IVAGRO, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San Pedro, 11510, Puerto Real, Spain
Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR)2, Blanco Encalada 2002, 8370449, Santiago, Chile
Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, c/Tulipán s/n, 28933, Móstoles, Spain
Grupo de Ecología y Biogeografía Insular, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
BIOAPLIC, Departamento de Botánica, Escola Politécnica Superior de Enxeñaría, Campus Terra, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, 27002, Spain
Keywords:
Disturbance, Forest structure, Dendroecology, Tree rings, Canary islands, Macaronesia, Management cessation
Cite this article:
Rozas V, García-López MA, Olano JM, et al. Land-use change and windstorms legacies drove the recolonization dynamics of laurel forests in Tenerife, Canary islands. Forest Ecosystems, 2023, 10(1): 100098. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fecs.2023.100098
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Abstract Full text About this article

Laurel forests are quite relevant for biodiversity conservation and are among the island ecosystems most severely damaged by human activities. In the past, Canary laurel forests have been greatly altered by logging, livestock and agriculture. The remains of laurel forests are currently protected in the Canary Islands (Spain). However, we miss basic information needed for their restoration and adaptive management, such as tree longevity, growth potential and responsiveness to natural and anthropogenic disturbances. Using dendrochronological methods, we studied how forest dynamic is related to land-use change and windstorms in two well-preserved laurel forests on Tenerife Island. Wood cores were collected from over 80 trees per stand at three stands per forest. We used ring-width series to estimate tree ages and calculate annual basal area increments (BAI), cumulative diameter increases, and changes indicative of released and suppressed growth. Twelve tree species were found in all stands, with Laurus novocanariensis, Ilex canariensis and Morella faya being the most common species. Although some individuals were over 100 years old, 61.8%–88.9% of the trees per stand established between 1940 and 1970, coinciding with a post-war period of land abandonment, rural exodus and the onset of a tourism economy. Some trees have shown growth rates larger than 1 ​cm diameter per year and most species have had increasing BAI trends over the past decades. Strong growth releases occurred after windstorms at both sites, but the effects of windstorms were site-dependent, with the 1958 storm affecting mainly the eastern tip of the island (Anaga massif) and the 1991 storm the western tip (Teno massif). Given the great ability of laurel forest trees to establish after land use cessation and to increase growth after local disturbances such as windstorms, passive restoration may be sufficient to regenerate this habitat in currently degraded areas.


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About this article

Land-use change and windstorms legacies drove the recolonization dynamics of laurel forests in Tenerife, Canary islands

Show Author's information Vicente Rozasa( ), María A. García-Lópeza, José M. Olanoa, Gabriel Sangüesa-Barredaa, Miguel García-Hidalgoa, Susana Gómez-Gonzálezb,c, Roberto López-Rubiod, José M. Fernández-Palaciose, Ignacio García-Gonzálezf, Laura Lozano-Lópezd, Paula García-Gonzálezd, Ana I. García-Cervigónd
EiFAB-iuFOR, Universidad de Valladolid, Campus Duques de Soria, 42004, Soria, Spain
Departamento de Biología-IVAGRO, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San Pedro, 11510, Puerto Real, Spain
Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR)2, Blanco Encalada 2002, 8370449, Santiago, Chile
Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, c/Tulipán s/n, 28933, Móstoles, Spain
Grupo de Ecología y Biogeografía Insular, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
BIOAPLIC, Departamento de Botánica, Escola Politécnica Superior de Enxeñaría, Campus Terra, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, 27002, Spain

Abstract

Laurel forests are quite relevant for biodiversity conservation and are among the island ecosystems most severely damaged by human activities. In the past, Canary laurel forests have been greatly altered by logging, livestock and agriculture. The remains of laurel forests are currently protected in the Canary Islands (Spain). However, we miss basic information needed for their restoration and adaptive management, such as tree longevity, growth potential and responsiveness to natural and anthropogenic disturbances. Using dendrochronological methods, we studied how forest dynamic is related to land-use change and windstorms in two well-preserved laurel forests on Tenerife Island. Wood cores were collected from over 80 trees per stand at three stands per forest. We used ring-width series to estimate tree ages and calculate annual basal area increments (BAI), cumulative diameter increases, and changes indicative of released and suppressed growth. Twelve tree species were found in all stands, with Laurus novocanariensis, Ilex canariensis and Morella faya being the most common species. Although some individuals were over 100 years old, 61.8%–88.9% of the trees per stand established between 1940 and 1970, coinciding with a post-war period of land abandonment, rural exodus and the onset of a tourism economy. Some trees have shown growth rates larger than 1 ​cm diameter per year and most species have had increasing BAI trends over the past decades. Strong growth releases occurred after windstorms at both sites, but the effects of windstorms were site-dependent, with the 1958 storm affecting mainly the eastern tip of the island (Anaga massif) and the 1991 storm the western tip (Teno massif). Given the great ability of laurel forest trees to establish after land use cessation and to increase growth after local disturbances such as windstorms, passive restoration may be sufficient to regenerate this habitat in currently degraded areas.

Keywords: Disturbance, Forest structure, Dendroecology, Tree rings, Canary islands, Macaronesia, Management cessation

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Publication history

Received: 09 February 2023
Accepted: 11 February 2023
Published: 18 February 2023
Issue date: February 2023

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© 2023 The Authors.

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

We thank the Cabildo de Tenerife and the Rural Parks of Anaga and Teno for authorization to collect tree-ring samples and for field assistance. We thank Lara del Valle, Jon Díez, Daniel López, Diego Muñoz and Javier Muñoz for assistance with fieldwork, and Juan Carlos Rubio and Alfonso Martínez for assistance with sample preparation.

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This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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