Pathogen-inducible gene LRD6-6^E315Q breaks the trade-off between disease resistance and yield in rice

Although some lesion mimic mutants (LMMs) confer broad-spectrum disease resistance, their constitutive autoimmunity often penalizes plant growth and yield, limiting their application in crop breeding. Here, we report a novel strategy to overcome this trade-off in rice (Oryza sativa) by introducing a pathogen-inducible LMM gene variant, LRD6-6^E315Q. We first found that constitutive expression of LRD6-6^E315Q, a dominant-negative (DN) variant of the AAA-type ATPase gene LRD6-6, enhanced broad-spectrum resistance but inhibited plant growth, resembling the phenotype of the lrd6-6 mutant. To resolve this trade-off between disease resistance and growth, we screened a rice transcriptome and identified a rare inducible promoter, MIG6P that was specifically activated during early pathogen attack but maintained low activity under normal conditions, and was not inducible by abiotic stresses. We constructed a MIG6P:LRD6-6^E315Q cassette, introduced it into rice cultivar TP309, and developed rice lines with enhanced resistance to multiple diseases, including bacterial blight and fungal diseases rice blast and sheath blight without affecting growth or yield. Since promoters analogous to MIG6P and protein homologs of AAA-type ATPase LRD6-6 carrying potential DN effects occur in diverse plant species, this strategy may be widely applicable to improve disease resistance in other crop species.