Journal Home > Volume 2 , Issue 3
Circular Economy 2023, 2(3): 100049 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cec.2023.100049
Review Article | Open Access | Issue | Published: 26 July 2023

Additive manufacturing in cities: Closing circular resource loops

Show Author's Information Elias Hernandez Valeraa,  Roger Cremadesa( ),  Eveline van Leeuwena,  Arjan van Timmerenb
Urban Economics Group, Department of Social Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
Department of Urbanism, Faculty of Architecture, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
Keywords:
3D printing, Waste management, Urban, Circular systems, Waste
Cite this article:
Valera EH, Cremades R, van Leeuwen E, et al. Additive manufacturing in cities: Closing circular resource loops. Circular Economy, 2023, 2(3): 100049. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cec.2023.100049
Download citation
EndNote(RIS)
BibTeX

229

Views

11

Downloads

Citations

3

Crossref

N/A

WoS

5

Scopus

N/A

CSCD

Abstract Full text About this article

Cities are the core of social interactions and resource consumption in our current times. However, urban systems are still largely based on linear activities in which resources are discarded after usage. Current practices around waste reduce possibilities of circularity, mainly due to low percentages of sorting and recycling practices in high- and middle-income countries and landfill practices in middle- and low-income countries. This resulted in a continuous increase in urban waste and negative environmental impact over the last decades. The development of circular practices and innovations, such as additive manufacturing, is crucial to modify the current supply chain and return valuable discarded materials to urban industries. Additive manufacturing is a novel technology based on the creation of objects layer by layer involving the use of a diverse range of materials. Several materials such as plastics, metal or concrete, for example, can be transformed into functional products for cities. Based on a literature review, this paper showcases the potential of urban waste for 3D printing with a main focus on recycling practices at the end of the supply chain. This paper aims to examine the current knowledge, regulations, and practices in circularity and additive manufacturing in the urban context, to identify opportunities and practices for material recovery applications, and showcase applications for additive manufacturing at the last stage of the supply chain. Furthermore, it identifies the needs for further research that could support the implementation and diffusion of additive manufacturing in society.


menu
Abstract
Full text
Outline
About this article

Additive manufacturing in cities: Closing circular resource loops

Show Author's information Elias Hernandez Valeraa, Roger Cremadesa( ), Eveline van Leeuwena, Arjan van Timmerenb
Urban Economics Group, Department of Social Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
Department of Urbanism, Faculty of Architecture, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

Abstract

Cities are the core of social interactions and resource consumption in our current times. However, urban systems are still largely based on linear activities in which resources are discarded after usage. Current practices around waste reduce possibilities of circularity, mainly due to low percentages of sorting and recycling practices in high- and middle-income countries and landfill practices in middle- and low-income countries. This resulted in a continuous increase in urban waste and negative environmental impact over the last decades. The development of circular practices and innovations, such as additive manufacturing, is crucial to modify the current supply chain and return valuable discarded materials to urban industries. Additive manufacturing is a novel technology based on the creation of objects layer by layer involving the use of a diverse range of materials. Several materials such as plastics, metal or concrete, for example, can be transformed into functional products for cities. Based on a literature review, this paper showcases the potential of urban waste for 3D printing with a main focus on recycling practices at the end of the supply chain. This paper aims to examine the current knowledge, regulations, and practices in circularity and additive manufacturing in the urban context, to identify opportunities and practices for material recovery applications, and showcase applications for additive manufacturing at the last stage of the supply chain. Furthermore, it identifies the needs for further research that could support the implementation and diffusion of additive manufacturing in society.

Keywords: 3D printing, Waste management, Urban, Circular systems, Waste

References(103)

Ahmed, J. U., Islam, Q. T., Ahmed, A., & Bin Amin, S. (2023). Extending resource value-based circular economy business model in emerging economies: Lessons from India. Business Perspectives and Research, 11, 309–321.
DOI Google Scholar

Ajwani-Ramchandani, R., & Bhattacharya, S. (2022). Moving towards a circular economy model through I4.0 to accomplish the SDGs. Cleaner and Responsible Consumption, 7, Article 100084.
DOI Google Scholar

Ali, M., & Geng, Y. (2018). Accounting embodied economic potential of healthcare waste recycling—a case study from Pakistan. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 190, 1–6.
DOI Google Scholar

Andriya, N., Dutta, V., & Vani, V. V. (2022). Study on 3D printed auxetic structure-based non-pneumatic tyres (NPT'S). Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 37, 1280–1297.
DOI Google Scholar

Arora, N. K., & Mishra, I. (2019). United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 2030 and environmental sustainability: Race against time. Environmental Sustainability, 2, 339–342.
DOI Google Scholar

Assi, A., Bilo, F., Zanoletti, A., Ponti, J., Valsesia, A., La Spina, R., et al. (2020). Review of the reuse possibilities concerning ash residues from thermal process in a medium-sized urban system in northern Italy. Sustainability, 12, 4193.
DOI Google Scholar

Bagheri, M., Esfilar, R., Sina Golchi, M., & Kennedy, C. A. (2020). Towards a circular economy: A comprehensive study of higher heat values and emission potential of various municipal solid wastes. Waste Management, 101, 210–221.
DOI Google Scholar

Bañón, C., & Raspall, F. (2022). 3D printing floating modular farms from plastic waste. Materials Today: Proceedings, 70, 560–566.
DOI Google Scholar

Ben-Ner, A., & Siemsen, E. (2017). Decentralization and localization of production: The organizational and economic consequences of additive manufacturing (3D printing). California Management Review, 59(2), 5–23.
DOI Google Scholar

Berry, T. A., Low, J. K., Wallis, S. L., Kestle, L., Day, A., & Hernandez, G. (2022). Determining the feasibility of a circular economy for plastic waste from the construction sector in New Zealand. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1122, 012002.
DOI Google Scholar

Bertanza, G., Mazzotti, S., Gomez, F. H., Nenci, M., Vaccari, M., & Zetera, S. F. (2021). Implementation of circular economy in the management of municipal solid waste in an Italian medium-sized city: A 30-years lasting history. Waste Management, 126, 821–831.
DOI Google Scholar

Birgen, C., & Becidan, M. (2022). Towards a circular economy for plastic packaging: Current practice and perspectives in the city of Oslo. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 92, 121–126.
Google Scholar
Chlopecký, J., Pawliczek, A., Ameir, O., Moravec, L., & Hubáček, J. (2020). Projectmanagement in the field of modern municipal waste management related tothe construction of a sorting line. In Proceedings of the 20th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference, SGEM 2020, https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2020/5.1/s20.080.
DOI

Confente, I., Scarpi, D., & Russo, I. (2020). Marketing a new generation of bio-plastics products for a circular economy: The role of green self-identity, self-congruity, and perceived value. Journal of Business Research, 112, 431–439.
DOI Google Scholar

Cottafava, D., Riccardo, L. E., & D'Affuso, C. (2019). From flow to stock. New circular business models for integrated systems: A case study on reusable plastic cups. Procedia Environmental Science, Engineering and Management, 6, 81–94.
Google Scholar
Crolla, K., Williams, N., Muehlbauer, M., & Burry, J. (2017). Smart nodes pavilion-towards custom-optimized nodes applications in construction. In Proceedings of the 22nd Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA).
DOI
Croxford, B., Domenech, T., Hausleitner, B., Hill, A. V., Meyer, H., Orban, A., et al. (2020). Foundries of the future: A guide for 21st century cities of making. Available at https://www.thersa.org/reports/foundries-future.
DOI

Cruz Sanchez, F. A., Boudaoud, H., Camargo, M., & Pearce, J. M. (2020). Plastic recycling in additive manufacturing: A systematic literature review and opportunities for the circular economy, Journal of Cleaner Production, 264, Article 121602.
DOI Google Scholar

Dashti, A., Noushabadi, A. S., Asadi, J., Raji, M., Chofreh, A. G., Klemeš, J. J., et al. (2021). Review of higher heating value of municipal solid waste based on analysis and smart modelling. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 151, 111591.
DOI Google Scholar
de Oliveira Faria, N., Hernandez, J., & Cabrera-Rios, M. (2021). Design of a 3D printer PET waste prototype product using design of experiments. In IIE Annual Conference. Proceedings (pp. 824–829).Available at https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/design-3d-printer-pet-waste-prototype-product/docview/2560888617/se-2.

Delgado-Antequera, L., Gémar, G., Molinos-Senante, M., Gómez, T., Caballero, R., & Sala-Garrido, R. (2021). Eco-efficiency assessment of municipal solid waste services: Influence of exogenous variables. Waste Management, 130, 136–146.
DOI Google Scholar
Dogu, O., Plehiers, P. P., van de Vijver, R., D'hooge, D. R., van Steenberge, P. H. M., & van Geem, K. M. (2020). Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of poly(styrene peroxide) chemical recycling. In Proceedings of the 2020 Virtual AIChE Annual Meeting.

Domingues, J., Marques, T., Mateus, A., Carreira, P., & Malça, C. (2017). An additive manufacturing solution to produce big green parts from tires and recycled plastics. Procedia Manufacturing, 12, 242–248.
DOI Google Scholar

Ellen, M., & Company, M. (2014). Towards the Circular Economy: Accelerating the Scale-Up Across Global Supply Chains. Geneva, Switzerland: World Economic Forum.

Esirger, S. B., & Ali Örnek, M. (2020). Recycled plastic to performative urban furniture. Journal of Digital Landscape Architecture, 2020, 166–172.
Google Scholar

Ezeudu, O. B., & Ezeudu, T. S. (2019). Implementation of circular economy principles in industrial solid waste management: Case studies from a developing economy (Nigeria). Recycling, 4, 42.
DOI Google Scholar
Fahim, I. S., Chbib, H., & Farid, A. M. (2019). A study on the feasibility of producing polylactic acid from cotton and coffee waste in Egypt. In , Vol. 2019. Proceedings of the Managing Technology for Inclusive and Sustainable Growth-28th international conference for the international association of management of technology (pp. 916–928). IAMOT.

Farooque, M., Zhang, A., Thürer, M., Qu, T., & Huisingh, D. (2019). Circular supply chain management: A definition and structured literature review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 228, 882–900.
DOI Google Scholar

Ferronato, N., Guisbert Lizarazu, E. G., Velasco Tudela, J. M., Blanco Callisaya, J. K., Preziosi, G., & Torretta, V. (2020). Selective collection of recyclable waste in universities of low-middle income countries: Lessons learned in Bolivia. Waste Management, 105, 198–210.
DOI Google Scholar
Fetterman, M. R., Weber, Z. J., Freking, R. A., Volpe, A., & Scott, D. (2014). LuminoCity: A 3D printed, illuminated city generated from LADAR data. In Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE international conference on technologies for practical robot applications (TePRA) (Woburn, MA, USA).
DOI

Gambino, I., Bagordo, F., Coluccia, B., Grassi, T., De Filippis, G., Piscitelli, P., et al. (2020). PET-bottled water consumption in view of a circular economy: The case study of Salento (south Italy). Sustainability, 12, 7988.
DOI Google Scholar

Gan, S. K. E., Phua, S. X., Yeo, J. Y., Heng, Z. S. L., & Xing, Z. (2021). Method for zerowaste circular economy using worms for plastic agriculture: Augmenting polystyrene consumption and plant growth. Methods and Protocols, 4, 43.
DOI Google Scholar

Garmulewicz, A., Holweg, M., Veldhuis, H., & Yang, A. (2018). Disruptive technology as an enabler of the circular economy: What potential does 3D printing hold? California Management Review, 60, 112–132.
DOI Google Scholar

Ghisellini, P., & Ulgiati, S. (2020). Circular economy transition in Italy. Achievements, perspectives and constraints. Journal of Cleaner Production, 243, Article 118360.
DOI Google Scholar

Gravagnuolo, A., Angrisano, M., & Fusco Girard, L. (2019). Circular economy strategies in eight historic port cities: Criteria and indicators towards a circular city assessment framework. Sustainability, 11, 3512.
DOI Google Scholar

Hermoso-Orzáez, M. J., Mota-Panizio, R., Carmo-Calado, L., & Brito, P. (2020). Thermochemical and economic analysis for energy recovery by the gasification of WEEE plastic waste from the disassembly of large-scale outdoor obsolete luminaires by LEDs in the Alto Alentejo region (Portugal). Applied Sciences, 10, 4601.
DOI Google Scholar

Hidalgo-Crespo, J., Álvarez-Mendoza, C. I., Soto, M., & Amaya-Rivas, J. L. (2022). Quantification and mapping of domestic plastic waste using GIS/GPS approach at the city of Guayaquil. Procedia CIRP, 105, 86–91.
DOI Google Scholar
Hidalgo-Crespo, J., Moreira, C. M., Jervis, F. X., Soto, M., & Amaya, J. L. (2021). Development of sociodemographic indicators for modeling the household solid waste generation in Guayaquil (Ecuador): Quantification, characterization and energy valorization. In Proceedings of the European biomass conference and exhibition proceedings (pp. 252–259).

Hidalgo-Crespo, J., Moreira, C. M., Jervis, F. X., Soto, M., Amaya, J. L., & Banguera, L. (2022). Circular economy of expanded polystyrene container production: Environmental benefits of household waste recycling considering renewable energies. Energy Reports, 8, 306–311.
DOI Google Scholar

Hidayat, F., Martono, D. N., & Hamzah, U. S. (2022). Quantification and characterization of household waste in Dumai Timur district, Dumai city, Riau, Indonesia as a measure towards circular economy. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1094, 012001.
DOI Google Scholar

Hossain, M. U., Ng, S. T., Dong, Y., & Amor, B. (2021). Strategies for mitigating plastic wastes management problem: A lifecycle assessment study in Hong Kong. Waste Management, 131, 412–422.
DOI Google Scholar
Husgafvel, R., Linkosalmi, L., Sakaguchi, D., & Hughes, M. (2022). How to advance sustainable and circular economy-oriented public procurement-A review of the operational environment and a case study from the Kymenlaakso region in Finland. In Circular Economy and Sustainability. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
DOI
Klementis, M. M. (2020). Social media communication of small local brands as the future of circular economy. In Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Social Media (ECSM 2020), https://doi.org/10.34190/ESM.20.057.
Kumar, A., & Agrawal, A. (2021). A review on plastic waste assessment and its potential use as building construction material. In K. Thirumaran, G. Balaji, & N. D. Prasad (Eds.), Sustainable urban architecture. Lecture notes in civil engineering. Singapore: Springer.
DOI

Landrigan, P. J., Stegeman, J. J., Fleming, L. E., Allemand, D., Anderson, D. M., Backer, L. C., et al. (2020). Human health and ocean pollution. Annals of Global Health, 86, 151.
DOI Google Scholar

Liu, Y., Zheng, Z., Zhao, L., & Wang, Z. (2021). Quality assessment of post-consumer plastic bottles with joint entropy method: A case study in Beijing, China, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 175, Article 105839.
DOI Google Scholar

Li, L., Zuo, J., Duan, X., Wang, S., & Chang, R. (2022). Converting waste plastics into construction applications: A business perspective. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 96, Article 106814.
DOI Google Scholar

Mantelli, A., Levi, M., Turri, S., & Suriano, R. (2019). Remanufacturing of end-of-life glass-fiber reinforced composites via UV-assisted 3D printing. Rapid Prototyping Journal, 26, 981–992.
DOI Google Scholar

Moscato, I., Munoz, D. C., & Gonzalez, S. D. (2020). How to deal with organic municipal solid waste over-sieve fraction. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, 19, 1807–1811.
DOI Google Scholar

Mo, H., Wen, Z., & Chen, J. (2009). China's recyclable resources recycling system and policy: A case study in Suzhou. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 53, 409–419.
DOI Google Scholar
Narazani, M., Eghtebas, C., Jenney, S. L., & Mühlhaus, M. (2019). Tangible urban models: Two-way interaction through 3D printed conductive tangibles and AR for urban planning. In Proceedings of the 2019 ACM international joint conference on pervasive and ubiquitous computing and proceedings of the 2019 ACM international symposium on wearable computers (London, United Kingdom).
DOI
Narazani, M., Eghtebas, C., Klinker, G., Jenney, S. L., Mühlhaus, M., & Petzold, F. (2019). Extending AR interaction through 3D printed tangible interfaces in an urban planning context. In Proceedings of the 32nd annual ACM symposium on user interface software and technology (New Orleans, LA, USA).
DOI

Nascimento, D. L. M., Alencastro, V., Quelhas, O. L. G., Caiado, R. G. G., GarzaReyes, J. A., Rocha-Lona, L., et al. (2019). Exploring Industry 4.0 technologies to enable circular economy practices in a manufacturing context. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 30, 607–627.
DOI Google Scholar

Neo, E. R. K., Soo, G. C. Y., Tan, D. Z. L., Cady, K., Tong, K. T., & Low, J. S. C. (2021). Life cycle assessment of plastic waste end-of-life for India and Indonesia. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 174, Article 105774.
DOI Google Scholar

Nolasco, E., Vieira Duraes, P. H., Pereira Gonçalves, J., de Oliveira, M. C., Monteiro de Abreu, L., & Nascimento de Almeida, A. (2021). Characterization of solid wastes as a tool to implement waste management strategies in a university campus. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 22, 217–236.
DOI Google Scholar

Oladapo, B. I., Ismail, S. O., Afolalu, T. D., Olawade, D. B., & Zahedi, M. (2021). Review on 3D printing: Fight against COVID-19. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 258, 123943.
DOI Google Scholar

Oyake-Ombis, L., van Vliet, B. J. M., & Mol, A. P. J. (2015). Managing plastic waste in East Africa: Niche innovations in plastic production and solid waste. Habitat International, 48, 188–197.
DOI Google Scholar

Pablo Emilio, E. G., Fernández-Rodríguez, E., Carrasco-Hernández, R., Coria-Páez, A. L., Gutiérrez-Galicia, F. (2022). A comparison assessment of landfill waste incineration and methane capture in the central region of Mexico. Waste Management and Research, 40, 1785–1793.
DOI Google Scholar

Parece, S., Rato, V., Resende, R., Pinto, P., & Stellacci, S. (2022). A methodology to qualitatively select upcycled building materials from urban and industrial waste. Sustainability, 14, Article 3430.
DOI Google Scholar
Pariona, A. G., Ames, J. I., & Huamanchahua, D. (2023). Automatic sorting system based on sensors for the extrusion of filament used in 3D printers based on recycled PET plastic bottles. In Proceedings of the 2022 10th International Conference on Control, Mechatronics and Automation (ICCMA), Belval: Luxembourg.
DOI

Pindar, S., & Dhawan, N. (2021). Characterization and recycling potential of the discarded cathode ray tube monitors. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 169, Article 105469.
DOI Google Scholar

Polygalov, S., Ilinykh, G., Korotaev, V., Stanisavljevic, N., & Batinic, B. (2021). Determination of the composition and properties of PET bottles: Evidence of the empirical approach from Perm, Russia. Waste Management and Research, 39, 720–730.
DOI Google Scholar
Ponis, S. T. (2021). A proposed technology IoT based ecosystem for tackling the marine beach litter problem. In Arai, K., Kapoor, S., Bhatia, R. (Eds). Intelligent Systems and Applications. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55190-2_52.
DOI

Preka, R., Fiorentino, G., De Carolis, R., & Barberio, G. (2022). The challenge of plastics in a circular perspective. Frontiers in Sustainable Cities, 4, Article 920242.
DOI Google Scholar

Ratner, S., Lazanyuk, I., Revinova, S., & Gomonov, K. (2020). Barriers of consumer behavior for the development of the circular economy: Empirical evidence from Russia. Applied Sciences, 11, Article 46.
DOI Google Scholar

Rhodes, C. J. (2018). Plastic pollution and potential solutions. Science Progress, 101, 207–260.
DOI Google Scholar

Roche Cerasi, I., Sánchez, F. V., Gallardo, I., Górriz M Á, Torrijos, P., Aliaga, C., et al. (2021). Household plastic waste habits and attitudes: A pilot study in the city of Valencia. Waste Management and Research, 39, 679–689.
DOI Google Scholar

Rochman, D., Sanchez, A., & Almaraz, A. (2020). Geometric analysis of proportion and movement of the wings of the bee, the mosquito and the butterfly. Computer-Aided Design and Applications, 17, 948–965.
DOI Google Scholar

Rochman, D., Sánchez, A., García, E., & Almaraz, A. (2018). Optimization of the exoskeleton of a cochineal to analyze its behavior in mediumscale models and prototypes. Computer-Aided Design and Applications, 16, 35–49.
DOI Google Scholar

Russo, I., Confente, I., Scarpi, D., & Hazen, B. T. (2019). From trash to treasure: The impact of consumer perception of bio-waste products in closed-loop supply chains. Journal of Cleaner Production, 218, 966–974.
DOI Google Scholar

Rutkowski, J., & Rutkowski, E. (2017). Recycling in Brasil: Paper and plastic supply chain. Resources, 6, Article 43.
DOI Google Scholar

Saade, M. R. M., Yahia, A., & Amor, B. (2020). How has LCA been applied to 3D printing? A systematic literature review and recommendations for future studies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 244, Article 118803.
DOI Google Scholar

Sacco, S., & Cerreta, M. (2020). Patrimonio plastico: A decision-making process for the re-use of an industrial architecture in Montevideo. Detritus, 2020, 92–102.
DOI Google Scholar

Salguero-Puerta, L., Leyva-Díaz, J. C., Cortés-Cortés, F. J., & Molina-Moreno, V. (2019). Sustainability indicators concerning waste management for implementation of the circular economy model on the university of lome (Togo) campus. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16122234
DOI Google Scholar

Satchatippavarn, S., Martinez-Hernandez, E., Leung Pah Hang, M. Y., Leach, M., & Yang, A. (2016). Urban biorefinery for waste processing. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 107, 81–90.
DOI Google Scholar

Savastano, M., Belcastro, M., & Dentale, F. (2019). The role of waste collection centers in a circular economy scenario: An empirical study on the citizens' perception. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, 18, 2181–2192.
Google Scholar

Schmidt, C., Gebin, G. Van, Houten, F. Van, Close, C., McGinty, D. B., Arora, R., et al. (2020). The circularity gap report 2020. Circle Economy, 1, 12–21.
Google Scholar

Schuch, D., Lederer, J., Fellner, J., & Scharff, C. (2023). Separate collection rates for plastic packaging in Austria—a regional analysis taking collection systems and urbanization into account. Waste Management, 155, 211–219.
DOI Google Scholar

Senetra, A., Krzywnicka, I., & Tuyet, M. D. T. (2019). The analysis and the evaluation of municipal waste management in voivodship cities in Poland. Rocznik Ochrona Srodowiska, 21, 1076–1098.
Google Scholar

Sereda, L., & Flores-Sahagun, T. H. S. (2023). Panorama of the Brazilian plastic packaging sector and global technological trends: The role of developed and developing countries in achieving environmental sustainability and a better quality of life worldwide. Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry, 13, Article 244.
DOI Google Scholar

Setaki, F., Tian, F., Turrin, M., Tenpierik, M., Nijs, L., van Timmeren, A. (2023). 3D-printed sound absorbers: Compact and customisable at broadband frequencies. Architecture, Structures and Construction, 3, 205–215.
DOI Google Scholar

Shah, A., & Paul, D. (2022). Exploratory research to understand the industrial behavior on plastic waste disposal. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2519, Article 030081.
DOI Google Scholar

Shin, S. K., Um, N., Kim, Y. J., Cho, N. H., & Jeon, T. W. (2020). New policy framework with plastic waste control plan for effective plastic waste management. Sustainability, 12, Article 6049.
DOI Google Scholar
Stengos, G., Ponis, S. T., Plakas, G., & Yamas, A. (2019). A proposed technology solution for preventing marine littering based on UAVs and Iot cloud-based data analytics. In Proceedings of the International Conferences ICT, Society, and Human Beings 2019; Connected Smart Cities 2019; and Web Based Communities and Social Media 2019, https://doi.org/10.33965/csc2019_201908c049.
DOI
Tangwanichagapong, S., Logan, M., & Visvanathan, C. (2020). Circular economy for sustainable resource management: The case of packaging waste sector in Thailand. In S. Ghosh (Ed.), Circular economy: Global perspective. Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1052-6_19.
DOI

Tejaswini, M. S. S. R., Pathak, P., & Gupta, D. K. (2022a). Sustainable approach for valorization of solid wastes as a secondary resource through urban mining. Journal of Environmental Management, 319, Article 115727.
DOI Google Scholar

Tejaswini, M. S. S. R., Pathak, P., Ramkrishna, S., & Ganesh, P. S. (2022). A comprehensive review on integrative approach for sustainable management of plastic waste and its associated externalities. Science of the Total Environment, 825, Article 153973.
DOI Google Scholar
Tejero-Olalla, J. M., Macías-García, J., Ladron-de-Guevara-Muñoz, M. C., de-CózarMacías, Ó. D., Castillo-Rueda, F. J., & Marín-Granados, M. D. (2023). Design and manufacture of a sustainable recycled plastic shredder. In S. Gerbino, A. Lanzotti, M. Martorelli, et al. (Eds.), Advances on mechanics, design engineering and manufacturing IV. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15928-2_8.
DOI

Tsui, T., Derumigny, A., Peck, D., van Timmeren, A., & Wandl, A. (2022). Spatial clustering of waste reuse in a circular economy: A spatial autocorrelation analysis on locations of waste reuse in the Netherlands using global and local Moran's I. Frontiers in Built Environment, 8, Article 954642.
DOI Google Scholar

Tsui, T., Peck, D., Geldermans, B., & van Timmeren, A. (2020). The role of urban manufacturing for a circular economy in cities. Sustainability, 13, Article 23.
DOI Google Scholar

Valenzuela, J., Alfaro, M., Fuertes, G., Vargas, M., Sáez-Navarrete, C. (2021). Reverse logistics models for the collection of plastic waste: A literature review. Waste Management and Research, 39, 1116–1134.
DOI Google Scholar

Varo-Martínez, M., Ramírez-Faz, J. C., López-Sánchez, J., Torres-Roldán, M., Fernández-Ahumada, L. M., López-Luque, R. (2022). Design and 3D manufacturing of an improved heliostatic illuminator. Inventions, 7, Article 127.
DOI Google Scholar

Velis, C. A. (2015). Circular economy and global secondary material supply chains. Waste Management and Research, 33, 389–391.
DOI Google Scholar

Verhoef, L. A., Budde, B. W., Chockalingam, C., García Nodar, B., van Wijk, A. J. M. (2018). The effect of additive manufacturing on global energy demand: An assessment using a bottom-up approach. Energy Policy, 112, 349–360.
DOI Google Scholar
Vincitorio, F. M., Bolla, G., Flores, A., Gomez-Coronel, M., Ramil, A., & Lopez, A. J. (2021). A novel method based on digital holographic interferometry (DHI) to in situ register the dynamic behavior of concrete 20th century building heritage. In Proceedings of the Proc SPIE 11784, Optics for Arts, Architecture, and Archaeology VIII, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2592112.
DOI

Voukkali, I., Loizia, P., Navarro Pedreno, J., & Zorpas, A. A. (2021). Urban strategies evaluation for waste management in coastal areas in the framework of area metabolism. Waste Management and Research, 39, 448–465.
DOI Google Scholar

Wilhelmsson, M. (2022). About the importance of planning the location of recycling stations in the urban context. Sustainability, 14, Article 7613.
DOI Google Scholar

Wilkinson, A., & Williams, I. D. (2020). Why do (W)EEE hoard? The effect of consumer behaviour on the release of home entertainment products into the circular economy. Detritus, 12, 18–33.
DOI Google Scholar

Wong, K. V., & Hernandez, A. (2012). A review of additive manufacturing. International Scholarly Research Notices, 2012, Article 208760.
DOI Google Scholar

Wu, H., & Yabar, H. (2021). Impacts of additive manufacturing to sustainable urban-rural interdependence through strategic control. Results in Control and Optimization, 5, Article 100066.
DOI Google Scholar

Xiao, S., Dong, H., Geng, Y., & Tian, X. (2022). Low carbon potential of urban symbiosis under different municipal solid waste sorting modes based on a system dynamic method. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 179, Article 106108.
DOI Google Scholar

Zhang, H., Wu, Y., Wang, K., Peng, Y., Wang, D., Yao, S., & Wang, J. (2020). Materials selection of 3D-printed continuous carbon fiber reinforced composites considering multiple criteria. Materials and Design, 196, Article 109140.
DOI Google Scholar

Zorpas, A. A. (2020). Strategy development in the framework of waste management. Science of the Total Environment, 716, Article 137088.
DOI Google Scholar
Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements
Rights and permissions

Publication history

Received: 21 April 2023
Revised: 26 June 2023
Accepted: 09 July 2023
Published: 26 July 2023
Issue date: September 2023

Copyright

© 2023 The Author(s).

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

I would like to thank to the Science and Technology Council of Mexico (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, CONACYT) and Wageningen University and Research that has sponsored this research. Particularly, I extend my gratitude to all the individuals and organizations that provided me with personal, academic, and financial support.

Rights and permissions

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Return