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Circular Economy 2022, 1(1): 100004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cec.2022.100004
Original Research | Open Access | Issue | Published: 24 June 2022

The dynamic stock-flow and driving force analysis of the building metal and non-metal resources at a city scale: An empirical study in Macao

Show Author's Information Yuqiong Longa,  Zheng Lia,  Qingbin Songa( ),  Kaihan Caia,b,  Quanyin Tanc,  Guiming Yangd
National Observation and Research Station of Coastal Ecological Environments in Macao, Macao Environmental Research Institute, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
Macao Institute of Systems Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Foshan Shunde Xinhuanbao Resource Utilization Co., Ltd, Foshan 528000, China
Keywords:
Urban buildings, Metal and non-metal materials, Material flow analysis (MFA), Stock-flow analysis, Driving forces, Macao
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Long Y, Li Z, Song Q, et al. The dynamic stock-flow and driving force analysis of the building metal and non-metal resources at a city scale: An empirical study in Macao. Circular Economy, 2022, 1(1): 100004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cec.2022.100004
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

The construction industry is often seen as one of the most dynamic sectors, referring to large resource consumption and waste generation, and has grown rapidly in the last few decades. Under the background of "Zero Waste City, " it will be essential to understand the metabolic stock-flow process and the driving forces of urban building resources. By combining the top-down and bottom-up methods, this study establishes a dynamic material flow analysis (MFA) model to clarify the stock and flow characteristics, driving forces, and future trends of urban building resources in Macao China. The result shows that the total material stock increased from 14.13 million metric tons (Mt) in 1999 to 32.75 Mt in 2018, with an average annual growth rate of 4.29%. In 2018, metal resources accounted for 10.73% of the total building stock (steel and aluminum resources accounted for 10.30% and 0.43%, respectively), and non-metal resources accounted for 89.27%. The construction demolition waste (CD&W) increased from 0.02 Mt in 1999 to 0.69 Mt in 2018. Among metal materials, steel and aluminum accounted for 7.11% and 0.4%, respectively. The demolition quantity of metal resources increased from 1.6 kilotons (kt) in 1999 to 51.8 kt in 2018 (an average annual increase of 1.59%) and peaked at 95.2 kt in 2007. The IPAT (I-environment impact; P-population factor; A-social affluence factor; T-technology factor) method results show that the economy and population are always the driving force for urban building resources stock in Macao China. The scenario analysis shows that, by 2035, the maximum stock of urban building materials in Macao will reach 65.19 Mt, about twice in 2018. The results are expected to provide a theoretical basis for establishing scientific resource management and recycling systems for urban buildings.


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Electronic supplementary material
About this article

The dynamic stock-flow and driving force analysis of the building metal and non-metal resources at a city scale: An empirical study in Macao

Show Author's information Yuqiong Longa, Zheng Lia, Qingbin Songa( ), Kaihan Caia,b, Quanyin Tanc, Guiming Yangd
National Observation and Research Station of Coastal Ecological Environments in Macao, Macao Environmental Research Institute, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
Macao Institute of Systems Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Foshan Shunde Xinhuanbao Resource Utilization Co., Ltd, Foshan 528000, China

Abstract

The construction industry is often seen as one of the most dynamic sectors, referring to large resource consumption and waste generation, and has grown rapidly in the last few decades. Under the background of "Zero Waste City, " it will be essential to understand the metabolic stock-flow process and the driving forces of urban building resources. By combining the top-down and bottom-up methods, this study establishes a dynamic material flow analysis (MFA) model to clarify the stock and flow characteristics, driving forces, and future trends of urban building resources in Macao China. The result shows that the total material stock increased from 14.13 million metric tons (Mt) in 1999 to 32.75 Mt in 2018, with an average annual growth rate of 4.29%. In 2018, metal resources accounted for 10.73% of the total building stock (steel and aluminum resources accounted for 10.30% and 0.43%, respectively), and non-metal resources accounted for 89.27%. The construction demolition waste (CD&W) increased from 0.02 Mt in 1999 to 0.69 Mt in 2018. Among metal materials, steel and aluminum accounted for 7.11% and 0.4%, respectively. The demolition quantity of metal resources increased from 1.6 kilotons (kt) in 1999 to 51.8 kt in 2018 (an average annual increase of 1.59%) and peaked at 95.2 kt in 2007. The IPAT (I-environment impact; P-population factor; A-social affluence factor; T-technology factor) method results show that the economy and population are always the driving force for urban building resources stock in Macao China. The scenario analysis shows that, by 2035, the maximum stock of urban building materials in Macao will reach 65.19 Mt, about twice in 2018. The results are expected to provide a theoretical basis for establishing scientific resource management and recycling systems for urban buildings.

Keywords: Urban buildings, Metal and non-metal materials, Material flow analysis (MFA), Stock-flow analysis, Driving forces, Macao

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Received: 21 February 2022
Revised: 04 April 2022
Accepted: 06 April 2022
Published: 24 June 2022
Issue date: September 2022

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© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Tsinghua University Press.

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This work was funded by Science and Technology Development Fund, Macao SAR, China (0024/2020/AGJ), and Science and Technology Innovation Joint Funded Project by Guangdong Province and Macao, China (2021A0505080001).

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This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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