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Review | Open Access

Natural and engineered bacterial outer membrane vesicles

Guangchao Qing1,2,3, Ningqiang Gong2,4, Xiaohui Chen3, Jing Chen2, Hong Zhang5,6, Yongchao Wang2, Ruifang Wang2, Shouwen Zhang7, Zhen Zhang2, Xianxian Zhao3, Yang Luo1,5,6( ), Xing-Jie Liang2,4 ( )
Department of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
West Essence Clinic, Beijing Institute of Functional Neurosurgery&Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
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Abstract

Bacterial outer membrane vesicle (OMV) is a kind of spherical lipid bilayer nanostructure naturally secreted by bacteria, which has diverse functions such as intracellular and extracellular communication, horizontal gene transfer, transfer of contents to host cells, and eliciting an immune response in host cells. In this review, several methods including ultracentrifugation and precipitation for isolating OMVs were summarized. The latest progresses of OMVs in biomedical fields, especially in vaccine development, cancer treatment, infection control, and bioimaging and detection were also summarized in this review. We highlighted the importance of genetic engineering for the safe and effective application and in facilitating the rapid development of OMVs. Finally, we discussed the bottleneck problems about OMVs in preparation and application at present and put forward our own suggestions about them. Some perspectives of OMVs in biomedical field were also provided.

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Keywords

Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs)BiogenesisPreparationApplication

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Biophysics Reports
Volume 5 Issue 4,
August 2019
Pages 184-198
DOI: 10.1007/s41048-019-00095-6

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Cite this article:
Qing G, Gong N, Chen X, et al. Natural and engineered bacterial outer membrane vesicles. Biophysics Reports, 2019, 5(4): 184-198. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41048-019-00095-6

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Received: 28 March 2019
Accepted: 15 May 2019
Published: 01 October 2019
© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.