AI Chat Paper
Note: Please note that the following content is generated by AMiner AI. SciOpen does not take any responsibility related to this content.
{{lang === 'zh_CN' ? '文章概述' : 'Summary'}}
{{lang === 'en_US' ? '中' : 'Eng'}}
Chat more with AI
Powered by AMiner. Clicking this button will take you away from SciOpen.
Home Friction Article
PDF (4.8 MB)
Cite
EndNote(RIS) BibTeX
Collect
Submit Manuscript AI Chat Paper
Show Outline
Outline
Show full outline
Hide outline
Outline
Show full outline
Hide outline
Research Article | Open Access

Two-dimensional molybdenum carbide (MXene) as an efficient nanoadditive for achieving superlubricity under ultrahigh pressure

Shuang YI1,2, Yitong GUO3, Jinjin LI1 ( ), Yuxin ZHANG2, Aiguo ZHOU3, Jianbin LUO1
State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
Henan Key Laboratory of Materials on Deep-Earth Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
Show Author Information

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

In this study, a robust macroscale liquid superlubricity with a coefficient of friction of 0.004 was achieved by introducing molybdenum carbide (Mo2CTx) MXene nanoparticles as lubricating additives in a lithium hexafluorophosphate-based ionic liquid at Si3N4–sapphire interfaces. The maximal contact pressure in the superlubricity state could reach 1.42 GPa, which far exceeds the limit of the superlubricity regime in previous studies. The results indicate that a composite tribofilm (mainly containing molybdenum oxide and phosphorus oxide) that formed at the interface by a tribochemical reaction contributed to the excellent antiwear performance. Furthermore, the extremely low shear strength of the tribofilm and the interlayers of Mo2CTx MXene contributed to the superlubricity. This work demonstrates the promising potential of Mo2CTx MXene in improving superlubricity properties, which could accelerate the application of superlubricity in mechanical systems.

Keywords

molybdenum carbide (Mo2CTx) MXenesuperlubricityadditivesultrahigh pressurewear resistance

Electronic Supplementary Material

Download File(s)
40544_0597_ESM.pdf (6.1 MB)

References

[1]
Luo J B, Zhou X. Superlubricitive engineering—Future industry nearly getting rid of wear and frictional energy consumption. Friction 8(4): 643–665 (2020)
Crossref Google Scholar
[2]
Holmberg K, Erdemir A. Influence of tribology on global energy consumption, costs and emissions. Friction 5(3): 263–284 (2017)
Crossref Google Scholar
[3]
Wang J, Zhang X W, Zhang S, Kang J Y, Guo Z C, Feng B Y, Zhao H, Luo Z, Yu J, Song W L, et al. Semi-convertible hydrogel enabled photoresponsive lubrication. Matter 4(2): 675–687 (2021)
Crossref Google Scholar
[4]
Li H, Wang J H, Gao S, Chen Q, Peng L M, Liu K H, Wei X L. Superlubricity between MoS2 monolayers. Adv Mater 29(27): 1701474 (2017)
Crossref Google Scholar
[5]
Li J J, Gao T Y, Luo J B. Superlubricity of graphite induced by multiple transferred graphene nanoflakes. Adv Sci 5(3): 1700616 (2018)
Crossref Google Scholar
[6]
Chen X C, Li J J. Superlubricity of carbon nanostructures. Carbon 158: 1–23 (2020)
Crossref Google Scholar
[7]
Berman D, Erdemir A, Sumant A V. Graphene: A new emerging lubricant. Mater Today 17(1): 31–42 (2014)
Crossref Google Scholar
[8]
Shi P F, Sun J H, Liu Y H, Zhang B, Zhang J Y, Chen L, Qian L M. Running-in behavior of a H-DLC/Al2O3 pair at the nanoscale. Friction 9(6): 1464–1473 (2021)
Crossref Google Scholar
[9]
Bai C N, An L L, Zhang J, Zhang X K, Zhang B, Qiang L, Yu Y L, Zhang J Y. Superlow friction of amorphous diamond-like carbon films in humid ambient enabled by hexagonal boron nitride nanosheet wrapped carbon nanoparticles. Chem Eng J 402: 126206 (2020)
Crossref Google Scholar
[10]
Gao Y, Ma L R, Liang Y, Li B H, Luo J B. Water molecules on the liquid superlubricity interfaces achieved by phosphoric acid solution. Biosurface and Biotribology 4(3): 94–98 (2018)
Crossref Google Scholar
[11]
Ge X Y, Li J J, Zhang C H, Liu Y H, Luo J B. Superlubricity and antiwear properties of in situ-formed ionic liquids at ceramic interfaces induced by tribochemical reactions. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 11(6): 6568–6574 (2019)
Crossref Google Scholar
[12]
De Barros Bouchet M I, Martin J M, Avila J, Kano M, Yoshida K, Tsuruda T, Bai S D, Higuchi Y, Ozawa N, Kubo M, et al. Diamond-like carbon coating under oleic acid lubrication: Evidence for graphene oxide formation in superlow friction. Sci Reports 7: 46394 (2017)
Crossref Google Scholar
[13]
Martin J M, de Barros Bouchet M I, Le Mogne T, Kano M. Towards superlubricity under boundary lubrication. In Proceedings of the World Tribology Congress III, American Society of Mechanical Engineers Digital Collection, USA, 2005: 453–454.
Crossref Google Scholar
[14]
Arad S, Rapoport L, Moshkovich A, van Moppes D, Karpasas M, Golan R, Golan Y. Superior biolubricant from a species of red microalga. Langmuir 22(17): 7313–7317 (2006)
Crossref Google Scholar
[15]
Tang G B, Su F H, Xu X, Chu P K. 2D black phosphorus dotted with silver nanoparticles: An excellent lubricant additive for tribological applications. Chem Eng J 392: 123631 (2020)
Crossref Google Scholar
[16]
Liu Y F, Ge X Y, Li J J. Graphene lubrication. Appl Mater Today 20: 100662 (2020)
Crossref Google Scholar
[17]
Zeng Q F, Yu F, Dong G N. Superlubricity behaviors of Si3N4/DLC films under PAO oil with nano boron nitride additive lubrication. Surf Interface Anal 45(8): 1283–1290 (2013)
Crossref Google Scholar
[18]
Wang H D, Liu Y H, Liu W R, Liu Y M, Wang K P, Li J J, Ma T B, Eryilmaz O L, Shi Y J, Erdemir A, et al. Superlubricity of polyalkylene glycol aqueous solutions enabled by ultrathin layered double hydroxide nanosheets. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 11(22): 20249–20256 (2019)
Crossref Google Scholar
[19]
Naguib M, Kurtoglu M, Presser V, Lu J, Niu J J, Heon M, Hultman L, Gogotsi Y, Barsoum M W. Two-dimensional nanocrystals produced by exfoliation of Ti3AlC2. Adv Mater 23(37): 4248–4253 (2011)
Crossref Google Scholar
[20]
Naguib M, Mashtalir O, Lukatskaya M R, Dyatkin B, Zhang C F, Presser V, Gogotsi Y, Barsoum M W. One-step synthesis of nanocrystalline transition metal oxides on thin sheets of disordered graphitic carbon by oxidation of MXenes. Chem Commun 50(56): 7420–7423 (2014)
Crossref Google Scholar
[21]
Venkateshalu S, Grace A N. MXenes—A new class of 2D layered materials: Synthesis, properties, applications as supercapacitor electrode and beyond. Appl Mater Today 18: 100509 (2020)
Crossref Google Scholar
[22]
Ghidiu M, Lukatskaya M R, Zhao M Q, Gogotsi Y, Barsoum M W. Conductive two-dimensional titanium carbide ‘clay’ with high volumetric capacitance. Nature 516(7529): 78–81 (2014)
Crossref Google Scholar
[23]
Shen J, Liu G Z, Ji Y F, Liu Q, Cheng L, Guan K C, Zhang M C, Liu G P, Xiong J, Yang J, et al. 2D MXene nanofilms with tunable gas transport channels. Adv Funct Mater 28(31): 1801511 (2018)
Crossref Google Scholar
[24]
Yi S, Li J J, Liu Y F, Ge X Y, Zhang J, Luo J B. In-situ formation of tribofilm with Ti3C2Tx MXene nanoflakes triggers macroscale superlubricity. Tribol Int 154: 106695 (2021)
Crossref Google Scholar
[25]
Wyatt B C, Rosenkranz A, Anasori B. 2D MXenes: Tunable mechanical and tribological properties. Adv Mater 33(17): 2007973 (2021)
Crossref Google Scholar
[26]
Malaki M, Varma R S. Mechanotribological aspects of MXene-reinforced nanocomposites. Adv Mater 32(38): 2003154 (2020)
Crossref Google Scholar
[27]
Rosenkranz A, Grützmacher P G, Espinoza R, Fuenzalida V M, Blanco E, Escalona N, Gracia F J, Villarroel R, Guo L C, Kang R Y, et al. Multi-layer Ti3C2Tx-nanoparticles (MXenes) as solid lubricants—Role of surface terminations and intercalated water. Appl Surf Sci 494: 13–21 (2019)
Crossref Google Scholar
[28]
Yin X, Jin J, Chen X C, Rosenkranz A, Luo J B. Ultra-wear-resistant MXene-based composite coating via in situ formed nanostructured tribofilm. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 11(35): 32569–32576 (2019)
Crossref Google Scholar
[29]
Feng Q, Deng F K, Li K C, Dou M Y, Zou S, Huang F C. Enhancing the tribological performance of Ti3C2 MXene modified with tetradecylphosphonic acid. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Aspects 625: 126903 (2021)
Crossref Google Scholar
[30]
Lian W Q, Mai Y J, Liu C S, Zhang L Y, Li S L, Jie X H. Two-dimensional Ti3C2 coating as an emerging protective solid-lubricant for tribology. Ceram Int 44(16): 20154–20162 (2018)
Crossref Google Scholar
[31]
Grützmacher P G, Suarez S, Tolosa A, Gachot C, Song G C, Wang B, Presser V, Mücklich F, Anasori B, Rosenkranz A. Superior wear-resistance of Ti3C2Tx multilayer coatings. ACS Nano 15(5): 8216–8224 (2021)
Crossref Google Scholar
[32]
Marian M, Feile K, Rothammer B, Bartz M, Wartzack S, Seynstahl A, Tremmel S, Krauß S, Merle B, Böhm T, et al. Ti3C2Tx solid lubricant coatings in rolling bearings with remarkable performance beyond state-of-the-art materials. Appl Mater Today 25: 101202 (2021)
Crossref Google Scholar
[33]
Guo L H, Zhang Y M, Zhang G, Wang Q H, Wang T M. MXene–Al2O3 synergize to reduce friction and wear on epoxy-steel contacts lubricated with ultra-low sulfur diesel. Tribol Int 153: 106588 (2021)
Crossref Google Scholar
[34]
Rasheed A K, Khalid M, Mohd Nor A F B, Wong W Y, Duolikun T, Natu V, Barsoum M W, Leo B F, Zaharin H A, Ghazali M J. MXene–graphene hybrid nanoflakes as friction modifiers for outboard engine oil. IOP Conf Ser: Mater Sci Eng 834(1): 012039 (2020)
Crossref Google Scholar
[35]
Xue M Q, Wang Z P, Yuan F, Zhang X H, Wei W, Tang H, Li C S. Preparation of TiO2/Ti3C2Tx hybrid nanocomposites and their tribological properties as base oil lubricant additives. RSC Adv 7(8): 4312–4319 (2017)
Crossref Google Scholar
[36]
Ge X Y, Li J J, Wang H D, Zhang C H, Liu Y H, Luo J B. Macroscale superlubricity under extreme pressure enabled by the combination of graphene-oxide nanosheets with ionic liquid. Carbon 151: 76–83 (2019)
Crossref Google Scholar
[37]
Jin S, Su T C, Hu Q K, Zhou A G. Thermal conductivity and electrical transport properties of double-A-layer MAX phase Mo2Ga2C. Mater Res Lett 8(4): 158–164 (2020)
Crossref Google Scholar
[38]
He H T, Jin S, Fan G X, Wang L B, Hu Q K, Zhou A G. Synthesis mechanisms and thermal stability of ternary carbide Mo2Ga2C. Ceram Int 44(18): 22289–22296 (2018)
Crossref Google Scholar
[39]
Halim J, Kota S, Lukatskaya M R, Naguib M, Zhao M Q, Moon E J, Pitock J, Nanda J, May S J, Gogotsi Y, et al. Synthesis and characterization of 2D molybdenum carbide (MXene). Adv Funct Mater 26(18): 3118–3127 (2016)
Crossref Google Scholar
[40]
Seh Z W, Fredrickson K D, Anasori B, Kibsgaard J, Strickler A L, Lukatskaya M R, Gogotsi Y, Jaramillo T F, Vojvodic A. Two-dimensional molybdenum carbide (MXene) as an efficient electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution. ACS Energy Lett 1(3): 589–594 (2016)
Crossref Google Scholar
[41]
Fredrickson K D, Anasori B, Seh Z W, Gogotsi Y, Vojvodic A. Effects of applied potential and water intercalation on the surface chemistry of Ti2C and Mo2C MXenes. J Phys Chem C 120(50): 28432–28440 (2016)
Crossref Google Scholar
[42]
Byeon A, Hatter C B, Park J H, Ahn C W, Gogotsi Y, Lee J W. Molybdenum oxide/carbon composites derived from the CO2 oxidation of Mo2CTx (MXene) for lithium ion battery anodes. Electrochimica Acta 258: 979–987 (2017)
Crossref Google Scholar
[43]
Lee D H, Condrate Sr R A. An FTIR spectral investigation of the structural species found on alumina surfaces. Mater Lett 23(4–6): 241–246 (1995)
Crossref Google Scholar
[44]
Li J J, Zhang C H, Deng M M, Luo J B, Investigation of the difference in liquid superlubricity between water- and oil-based lubricants. RSC Adv 5(78): 63827–63833 (2015)
Crossref Google Scholar
[45]
Rodríguez Ripoll M, Tomala A, Gabler C, Dražić G, Pirker L, Remškar M. In situ tribochemical sulfurization of molybdenum oxide nanotubes. Nanoscale 10(7): 3281–3290 (2018)
Crossref Google Scholar
[46]
Stolarski T A, Tobe S. The effect of spraying distance on wear resistance of molybdenum coatings. Wear 249(12): 1096–1102 (2001)
Crossref Google Scholar
[47]
Nasybulin E N, Xu W, Engelhard M H, Nie Z M, Burton S D, Cosimbescu L, Gross M E, Zhang J G. Effects of electrolyte salts on the performance of Li–O2 batteries. J Phys Chem C 117(6): 2635–2645 (2013)
Crossref Google Scholar
[48]
Yi S, Chen X C, Li J J, Liu Y F, Ding S L, Luo J B. Macroscale superlubricity of Si-doped diamond-like carbon film enabled by graphene oxide as additives. Carbon 176: 358–366 (2021)
Crossref Google Scholar
[49]
Guo J D, Peng R L, Du H, Shen Y B, Li Y, Li J H, Dong G N. The application of nano-MoS2 quantum dots as liquid lubricant additive for tribological behavior improvement. Nanomaterials 10(2): 200 (2020)
Crossref Google Scholar
[50]
Wang D H, Sun G D, Zhang G H. Preparation of ultrafine Mo powders via carbothermic pre-reduction of molybdenum oxide and deep reduction by hydrogen. Int J Refract Met Hard Mater 75: 70–77 (2018)
Crossref Google Scholar
[51]
Wu S, He F, Xie G X, Bian Z L, Ren Y L, Liu X Y, Yang H J, Guo D, Zhang L, Wen S Z, et al. Super-slippery degraded black phosphorus/silicon dioxide interface. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 12(6): 7717–7726 (2020)
Crossref Google Scholar
[52]
Liu N, Wang J Z, Chen B B, Yan F Y. Tribochemical aspects of silicon nitride ceramic sliding against stainless steel under the lubrication of seawater. Tribol Int 61: 205–213 (2013)
Crossref Google Scholar
Friction
Volume 11 Issue 3,
March 2023
Pages 369-382
DOI: 10.1007/s40544-022-0597-6
Cite this article:
YI S, GUO Y, LI J, et al. Two-dimensional molybdenum carbide (MXene) as an efficient nanoadditive for achieving superlubricity under ultrahigh pressure. Friction, 2023, 11(3): 369-382. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-022-0597-6

814

Views

38

Downloads

41

Crossref

37

Web of Science

37

Scopus

0

CSCD

Altmetrics
Received: 29 October 2021
Revised: 26 November 2021
Accepted: 08 January 2022
Published: 12 April 2022
© The author(s) 2022.

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.

The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.

To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Return