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Friction 2022, 10(9): 1317-1334 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-021-0537-x
Research Article | Open Access | Issue | Published: 04 September 2021

Optimization of pore structure and wet tribological properties of paper-based friction materials using chemical foaming technology

Show Author's Information Chang LI,  Jie FEI( ),  Enzhi ZHOU,  Rui LU,  Xiaohang CAI,  Yewei FU,  Hejun LI
State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Fiber Reinforced Light Composite Materials, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
Keywords:
tribological properties, pore structure, paper-based friction materials, chemical foaming technology
Cite this article:
LI C, FEI J, ZHOU E, et al. Optimization of pore structure and wet tribological properties of paper-based friction materials using chemical foaming technology. Friction, 2022, 10(9): 1317-1334. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-021-0537-x
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Abstract Full text About this article

Paper-based friction materials are porous materials that exhibit anisotropy; they exhibit random pore sizes and quantities during their preparation, thereby rendering the control of their pore structure difficult. Composites with different pore structures are obtained by introducing chemical foaming technology during their preparation to regulate their pore structure and investigate the effect of pore structure on the properties of paper-based friction materials. The results indicate that the skeleton density, total pore area, average pore diameter, and porosity of the materials increase after chemical foaming treatment, showing a more open pore structure. The addition of an organic chemical foaming agent improves the curing degree of the matrix significantly. Consequently, the thermal stability of the materials improves significantly, and the hardness and elastic modulus of the matrix increase by 73.7% and 49.4%, respectively. The dynamic friction coefficient increases and the wear rate is reduced considerably after optimizing the pore structure. The wear rate, in particular, decreases by 47.7% from 2.83 × 10−8 to 1.48 × 10−8 cm3/J as the foaming agent content increases. Most importantly, this study provides an effective method to regulate the pore structure of wet friction materials, which is conducive to achieving the desired tribological properties.


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About this article

Optimization of pore structure and wet tribological properties of paper-based friction materials using chemical foaming technology

Show Author's information Chang LI, Jie FEI( ), Enzhi ZHOU, Rui LU, Xiaohang CAI, Yewei FU, Hejun LI
State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Fiber Reinforced Light Composite Materials, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China

Abstract

Paper-based friction materials are porous materials that exhibit anisotropy; they exhibit random pore sizes and quantities during their preparation, thereby rendering the control of their pore structure difficult. Composites with different pore structures are obtained by introducing chemical foaming technology during their preparation to regulate their pore structure and investigate the effect of pore structure on the properties of paper-based friction materials. The results indicate that the skeleton density, total pore area, average pore diameter, and porosity of the materials increase after chemical foaming treatment, showing a more open pore structure. The addition of an organic chemical foaming agent improves the curing degree of the matrix significantly. Consequently, the thermal stability of the materials improves significantly, and the hardness and elastic modulus of the matrix increase by 73.7% and 49.4%, respectively. The dynamic friction coefficient increases and the wear rate is reduced considerably after optimizing the pore structure. The wear rate, in particular, decreases by 47.7% from 2.83 × 10−8 to 1.48 × 10−8 cm3/J as the foaming agent content increases. Most importantly, this study provides an effective method to regulate the pore structure of wet friction materials, which is conducive to achieving the desired tribological properties.

Keywords: tribological properties, pore structure, paper-based friction materials, chemical foaming technology

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Publication history
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Publication history

Received: 16 September 2020
Revised: 11 March 2021
Accepted: 11 June 2021
Published: 04 September 2021
Issue date: September 2022

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© The author(s) 2021.

Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51872176 and 52172102), the Shaanxi Key Industry Innovation Chain Project (No. 2021ZDLGY14-04), the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Shaanxi Province (No. 2019JC-32), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. G2020KY05130).

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