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Friction 2022, 10(5): 732-747 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-021-0488-2
Research Article | Open Access | Issue | Published: 24 April 2021

Experimental investigation of granular friction behaviors during reciprocating sliding

Show Author's Information Xuejie ZHANG,  Wei SUN,  Wei WANG,  Kun LIU( )
Institute of Tribology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
Keywords:
coefficient of friction, granular friction, force chains, reciprocating sliding
Cite this article:
ZHANG X, SUN W, WANG W, et al. Experimental investigation of granular friction behaviors during reciprocating sliding. Friction, 2022, 10(5): 732-747. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-021-0488-2
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Abstract Full text About this article

Granular friction behaviors are crucial for understanding the ubiquitous packing and flow phenomena in nature and industrial production. In this study, a customized experimental apparatus that can simultaneously measure the time history of normal and tangential forces on the inside-shearing unit is employed to investigate the granular friction behaviors during a linear reciprocating sliding process. It is observed that the evolution behaviors of two normal forces distributed separately on the shearing unit can qualitatively reflect the effects of the force chain network. During the half-loop of the reciprocating sliding, the total normal force, which indicates the load-bearing capacity of the granular system, experiences the following typical stages: decreases abruptly and stabilizes momentarily, further decreases significantly to the minimum, gradually increases to the maximum, and then remains stable. These stages are associated closely with the relaxation, collapse, reconstruction, and stabilization of the force chain, respectively. Interestingly, the coefficient of friction (COF) can reach a stable value rapidly within the initial sliding stage and subsequently remain constant. The average COF within stable ranges decreases significantly with the external load G in the power-function form, G-0.5. Meanwhile, the COF increases slightly with the sliding velocity. Finally, a complete illustration of the dependences of the granular COF on the external load and sliding velocity is provided. Our study contributes to granular friction research by providing an innovative experimental approach for directly measuring the COF and implicitly correlating the evolution of the force chain network.


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About this article

Experimental investigation of granular friction behaviors during reciprocating sliding

Show Author's information Xuejie ZHANG, Wei SUN, Wei WANG, Kun LIU( )
Institute of Tribology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China

Abstract

Granular friction behaviors are crucial for understanding the ubiquitous packing and flow phenomena in nature and industrial production. In this study, a customized experimental apparatus that can simultaneously measure the time history of normal and tangential forces on the inside-shearing unit is employed to investigate the granular friction behaviors during a linear reciprocating sliding process. It is observed that the evolution behaviors of two normal forces distributed separately on the shearing unit can qualitatively reflect the effects of the force chain network. During the half-loop of the reciprocating sliding, the total normal force, which indicates the load-bearing capacity of the granular system, experiences the following typical stages: decreases abruptly and stabilizes momentarily, further decreases significantly to the minimum, gradually increases to the maximum, and then remains stable. These stages are associated closely with the relaxation, collapse, reconstruction, and stabilization of the force chain, respectively. Interestingly, the coefficient of friction (COF) can reach a stable value rapidly within the initial sliding stage and subsequently remain constant. The average COF within stable ranges decreases significantly with the external load G in the power-function form, G-0.5. Meanwhile, the COF increases slightly with the sliding velocity. Finally, a complete illustration of the dependences of the granular COF on the external load and sliding velocity is provided. Our study contributes to granular friction research by providing an innovative experimental approach for directly measuring the COF and implicitly correlating the evolution of the force chain network.

Keywords: coefficient of friction, granular friction, force chains, reciprocating sliding

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Publication history
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Publication history

Received: 29 March 2020
Revised: 31 October 2020
Accepted: 07 January 2021
Published: 24 April 2021
Issue date: May 2022

Copyright

© The author(s) 2021.

Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51975174 and 51875154).

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