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Friction 2022, 10(2): 268-281 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-021-0486-4
Research Article | Open Access | Issue | Published: 30 April 2021

Probing the nanofriction of non-halogenated phosphonium- based ionic liquid additives in glycol ether oil on titanium surface

Show Author's Information Xiuhua QIU1,  Linghong LU2,  Zhenyu QU1,  Jiongtao LIAO1,  Qi FAN1,  Faiz Ullah SHAH3,  Wenling ZHANG4,  Rong AN1( )
Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
Chemistry of Interfaces, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå 97187, Sweden
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Keywords:
ionic liquid, density, atomic force microscopy (AFM), nanofriction, ordering
Cite this article:
QIU X, LU L, QU Z, et al. Probing the nanofriction of non-halogenated phosphonium- based ionic liquid additives in glycol ether oil on titanium surface. Friction, 2022, 10(2): 268-281. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-021-0486-4
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Abstract Full text About this article

The nanofrictional behavior of non-halogentated phosphonium-based ionic liquids (ILs) mixed with diethylene glycol dibutyl ether in the molar ratios of 1:10 and 1:70 was investigated on the titanium (Ti) substrate using atomic force microscopy (AFM). A significant reduction is observed in the friction coefficient μ for the IL-oil mixtures with a higher IL concentration (1:10, μ ~ 0.05), compared to that for the lower concentration 1:70 (μ ~ 0.1). AFM approaching force-distance curves and number density profiles for IL-oil mixtures with a higher concentration revealed that the IL preferred to accumulate at the surface forming IL-rich layered structures. The ordered IL-rich layers formed on the titanium surface facilitated the reduction of the nanoscale friction by preventing direct surface-to-surface contact. However, the ordered IL layers disappeared in the case of lower concentration, resulting in an incomplete boundary layers, because the ions were displaced by molecules of the oil during sliding and revealed to be less efficient in friction reduction.


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About this article

Probing the nanofriction of non-halogenated phosphonium- based ionic liquid additives in glycol ether oil on titanium surface

Show Author's information Xiuhua QIU1, Linghong LU2, Zhenyu QU1, Jiongtao LIAO1, Qi FAN1, Faiz Ullah SHAH3, Wenling ZHANG4, Rong AN1( )
Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
Chemistry of Interfaces, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå 97187, Sweden
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China

Abstract

The nanofrictional behavior of non-halogentated phosphonium-based ionic liquids (ILs) mixed with diethylene glycol dibutyl ether in the molar ratios of 1:10 and 1:70 was investigated on the titanium (Ti) substrate using atomic force microscopy (AFM). A significant reduction is observed in the friction coefficient μ for the IL-oil mixtures with a higher IL concentration (1:10, μ ~ 0.05), compared to that for the lower concentration 1:70 (μ ~ 0.1). AFM approaching force-distance curves and number density profiles for IL-oil mixtures with a higher concentration revealed that the IL preferred to accumulate at the surface forming IL-rich layered structures. The ordered IL-rich layers formed on the titanium surface facilitated the reduction of the nanoscale friction by preventing direct surface-to-surface contact. However, the ordered IL layers disappeared in the case of lower concentration, resulting in an incomplete boundary layers, because the ions were displaced by molecules of the oil during sliding and revealed to be less efficient in friction reduction.

Keywords: ionic liquid, density, atomic force microscopy (AFM), nanofriction, ordering

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Publication history
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Publication history

Received: 10 August 2020
Revised: 29 October 2020
Accepted: 07 January 2021
Published: 30 April 2021
Issue date: February 2022

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© The author(s) 2021

Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the support from Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BK20191289), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 21838004, 21606131, and 21676137), and the financial support from Instrument & Equipment Open Funding of Nanjing University of Science and Technology. The Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (Grant No. EM16-0013) is also gratefully acknowledged for the financial support.

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