Journal Home > Volume 9 , Issue 5

Thickener formulation plays a significant role in the performance characteristics of grease. The polyurea greases (PUGs) were synthesized using mineral oil (500SN) as the base oil, and by regulating the reaction of diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and different organic amines. The as-prepared PUGs from the reaction of MDI and cyclohexylamine/p-toluidine exhibit the optimum physicochemical and friction-wear properties, confirming that the regulation of thickener formulation can improve the performance characteristics of grease, including friction reduction, wear, corrosion resistance, and load-carrying capacity. The anti-corrosion and lubrication properties of as-prepared PUGs depend on good sealing functions and a boundary lubrication film (synergy of grease-film and tribo-chemical reaction film), as well as their chemical components and structure.


menu
Abstract
Full text
Outline
About this article

Improving the lubrication and anti-corrosion performance of polyurea grease via ingredient optimization

Show Author's information Guanlin REN1,Xiaowen SUN2,Wen LI1Hao LI1Lin ZHANG2Xiaoqiang FAN2( )Dongshan LI3Minhao ZHU1,2
Tribology Research Institute, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

† These authors contributed equally to this work.

Abstract

Thickener formulation plays a significant role in the performance characteristics of grease. The polyurea greases (PUGs) were synthesized using mineral oil (500SN) as the base oil, and by regulating the reaction of diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and different organic amines. The as-prepared PUGs from the reaction of MDI and cyclohexylamine/p-toluidine exhibit the optimum physicochemical and friction-wear properties, confirming that the regulation of thickener formulation can improve the performance characteristics of grease, including friction reduction, wear, corrosion resistance, and load-carrying capacity. The anti-corrosion and lubrication properties of as-prepared PUGs depend on good sealing functions and a boundary lubrication film (synergy of grease-film and tribo-chemical reaction film), as well as their chemical components and structure.

Keywords: tribological properties, thickener, corrosion resistance, polyurea grease (PUG)

References(39)

[1]
Murkute P, Ramkumar J, Choudhary S, Mondal K. Effect of alternate corrosion and wear on the overall degradation of a dual phase and a mild steel. Wear 368-369: 368-378 (2016)
[2]
Arora A K, Jaswal V S, Singh K, Singh R. Applications of metal/mixed metal oxides as photocatalyst: A review. Orient J Chem 32(4): 2035-2042 (2016)
[3]
Guo Z W, Yuan C Q, Bai X Q, Yan X P. Experimental study on wear performance and oil film characteristics of surface textured cylinder liner in marine diesel engine. Chin J Mech Eng 31(1): 52 (2018)
[4]
Yeong S K, Luckham P F, Tadros T F. Steady flow and viscoelastic properties of lubricating grease containing various thickener concentrations. J Colloid Interface Sci 274(1): 285-293 (2004)
[5]
Lugt P M. A review on grease lubrication in rolling bearings. Tribol Trans 52(4): 470-480 (2009)
[6]
Lyadov A S, Maksimova Y M, Shakhmatova A S, Kirillov V V, Parenago O P. Urea (polyurea) greases. Russ J Appl Chem 91(6): 885-894 (2018)
[7]
Kumar A, Humphreys S, Mallory B. Robust Polyurea grease for wide range of Industrial applications. In Proceedings of the 12th NLGI Lubricating Grease Conference on a Theme Lubricating Greases Challenges Ahea, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA, 2010.
[8]
Dai X Z, Guo P, Hong D M, Hui J D, Hui Z M, Geng F. The effect of preparation and characterisation of polyurea grease. Mater Res Innov 19: S5-588-S5-591 (2015)
[9]
Venkataramani P S, Srivastava R G, Gupta S K. High temperature greases based on polyurea gellants: A review. J Synth Lubr 4(3): 229-244 (1987)
[10]
Baum M W. High viscosity index PAO with polyurea thickeners in grease compositions. U. S. Patent 8 772 210, Jul. 2014.
[11]
Pratt S, Fliss E A. Polyurea grease composition. U. S. Patent 5 238 589, Aug. 1993.
[12]
Liu L, Sun H W. Impact of polyurea structure on grease properties. Lubr Sci 22(9): 405-413 (2010)
[13]
Maksimova Y M, Shakhmatova A S, Ilyin S O, Pakhmanova O A, Lyadov A S, Antonov S V, Parenago O P. Rheological and tribological properties of lubricating greases based on esters and polyurea thickeners. Pet Chem 58(12): 1064-1069 (2018)
[14]
Goncalves D, Graça B, Campos A V, Seabra J, Leckner J, Westbroek R. Formulation, rheology and thermal ageing of polymer greases—Part I: Influence of the thickener content. Tribol Int 87: 160-170 (2015)
[15]
Salomonsson L, Stang G, Zhmud B. Oil/thickener interactions and rheology of lubricating greases. Tribol Trans 50(3): 302-309 (2007)
[16]
Singh J, Kumar D, Tandon N. Rheological and film forming behavior of the developed nanocomposite greases under elastohydrodynamics lubrication regime. J Tribol 141(2): 021804 (2019)
[17]
Fischer D, Mues H, Jacobs G, stratmann A. Effect of over rolling frequency on the film formation in grease lubricated EHD contacts under starved conditions. Lubricants 7(2): 19 (2019)
[18]
Gonçalves D E P, Campos A V, Seabra J H O. An experimental study on starved grease lubricated contacts. Lubricants 6(3): 82 (2018)
[19]
Huang L, Guo D, Wen S Z. Starvation and reflow of point contact lubricated with greases of different chemical formulation. Tribol Lett 55(3): 483-492 (2014)
[20]
Cousseau T, Björling M, Graça B, Campos A, Seabra J, Larsson R. Film thickness in a ball-on-disc contact lubricated with greases, bleed oils and base oils. Tribol Int 53: 53-60 (2012)
[21]
Saatchi A, Shiller P J, Eghtesadi S A, Liu T B, Doll G L. A fundamental study of oil release mechanism in soap and non-soap thickened greases. Tribol Int 110: 333-340 (2017)
[22]
Cyriac F, Lugt P M, Bosman R, Padberg C J, Venner C H. Effect of thickener particle geometry and concentration on the grease EHL film thickness at medium speeds. Tribol Lett 61(2): 18 (2016)
[23]
Xiong C H, Mi H Y, Feng Q, Wu B J. Comparative studies on low noise greases operating under high temperature oxidation conditions. China Pet Process Pe 16(4): 100-106 (2014)
[24]
Lyadov A S, Maksimova Y M, Ilyin S O, Gorbacheva S N. Specific features of greases based on poly-α-olefin oils with ureate thickeners of various structures. Russ J Appl Chem 91(11): 1735-1741 (2018).
[25]
Fan X Q, Xia Y Q, Wang L P, Pu J B, Chen T D, Zhang H B. Study of the conductivity and tribological performance of ionic liquid and lithium greases. Tribol Lett 53(1): 281-291 (2014)
[26]
Liu D B, Zhao G Q, Wang X B. Tribological performance of lubricating greases based on calcium carbonate polymorphs under the boundary lubrication condition. Tribol Lett 47(2): 183-194 (2012)
[27]
Yan J C, Zeng H, Liu T, Mai J H, Ji H B. Tribological performance and surface analysis of a borate calcium as additive in lithium and polyurea greases. Tribol Trans 60(4): 621-628 (2017)
[28]
Zhang C X, Song Z Q, Liu Z F, Cheng Q, Zhao Y S, Yang C B, Liu M M. Wear mechanism of flexspline materials regulated by novel amorphous/crystalline oxide form evolution at frictional interface. Tribol Int 135: 335-343 (2019)
[29]
Singh J, Kumar D, Tandon N. Tribological and vibration studies on newly developed nanocomposite greases under boundary lubrication regime. J Tribol 140(3): 032001 (2018)
[30]
Kaneta M, Ogata T, Takubo Y, Naka M. Effects of a thickener structure on grease elastohydrodynamic lubrication films. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part J: J Eng Tribol 214(4): 327-336 (2000)
[31]
Fan X Q, Li W, Li H, Zhu M H, Xia Y Q, Wang J J. Probing the effect of thickener on tribological properties of lubricating greases. Tribol Int 118: 128-139 (2018)
[32]
Huang L, Guo D, Liu X, Xie G X, Wan G T Y, Wen S Z. Effects of Nano thickener deposited film on the behaviour of starvation and replenishment of lubricating greases. Friction 4(4): 313-323 (2016)
[33]
Paszkowski M, Wróblewski R, Walaszczyk A. Studies of the influence of temperature and the energy state of the surface layer of adsorbents on wall effects in soap-based greases. Tribol Lett 65(1): 19 (2017)
[34]
Czarny R, Paszkowski M, Knop P. The wall effect in the flow of commercial lubricating greases. J Tribol 138: 031803 (2016)
[35]
Gonçalves D E P, Campos A V, Seabra J H O. An experimental study on starved grease lubricated contacts. Lubricants 6(3): 82 (2018)
[36]
Piet M L, Slavco V, John H T. On the chaotic behavior of grease lubrication in rolling bearings. Tribol Trans 52(5): 581-590 (2009)
[37]
Wan S H, Tieu A K, Zhu Q, Zhu H T, Cui S G, Mitchel D R G, Kong C, Cowie B, Denman J A, Liu R. Chemical nature of alkaline polyphosphate boundary film at heated rubbing surfaces. Sci Rep 6(1): 26008 (2016)
[38]
Wan S H, Tieu A K, Xia Y N, Wang L P, Li D S, Zhang G A, Zhu H T, Tran B H, Mitchell D R G. Tribochemistry of adaptive integrated interfaces at boundary lubricated contacts. Sci Rep 7(1): 9935 (2017)
[39]
Vengudusamy B, Kuhn M, Rankl M, Spallek R. Film forming behavior of greases under starved and fully flooded EHL conditions. Tribol Trans 59(1): 62-71 (2016)
Publication history
Copyright
Rights and permissions

Publication history

Received: 13 January 2020
Revised: 28 March 2020
Accepted: 07 May 2020
Published: 05 November 2020
Issue date: October 2021

Copyright

© The author(s) 2020

Rights and permissions

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.

The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.

To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

Return