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Friction 2020, 8(3): 577-593 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-019-0289-z
Research Article | Open Access | Issue | Published: 17 April 2019

An experimental methodology for the concurrent characterization of multiple parameters influencing nanoscale friction

Show Author's Information Marko PERČIĆ1,2,  Saša ZELENIKA1,2( ),  Igor MEZIĆ2,3,  Robert PETER2,4,  Nikša KRSTULOVIĆ5
University of Rijeka, Faculty of Engineering, Vukovarska 58, Rijeka 51000, Croatia
University of Rijeka, Centre for Micro- and Nanosciences and Technologies, Radmile Matejčić 2, Rijeka 51000, Croatia
Department of Mechanical Engineering, UC Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93105, USA
University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, Radmile Matejčić 2, Rijeka 51000, Croatia
Institute of Physics, Bijenička 46, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
Keywords:
contact mechanics, nanoscale friction, lateral force microscopy, experimental determination methodology, multivariate space
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PERČIĆ M, ZELENIKA S, MEZIĆ I, et al. An experimental methodology for the concurrent characterization of multiple parameters influencing nanoscale friction. Friction, 2020, 8(3): 577-593. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-019-0289-z
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Abstract Full text About this article

A structured transdisciplinary method for the experimental determination of friction in the nanometric domain is proposed in this paper. The dependence of nanoscale friction on multiple process parameters on these scales, which comprise normal forces, sliding velocities, and temperature, was studied via the lateral force microscopy approach. The procedure used to characterize the stiffness of the probes used, and especially the influence of adhesion on the obtained results, is thoroughly described. The analyzed thin films were obtained by using either atomic layer or pulsed laser deposition. The developed methodology, based on elaborated design of experiments algorithms, was successfully implemented to concurrently characterize the dependence of nanoscale friction in the multidimensional space defined by the considered process parameters. This enables the establishment of a novel methodology that extends the current state-of-the-art of nanotribological studies, as it allows not only the gathering of experimental data, but also the ability to do so systematically and concurrently for several influencing variables at once. This, in turn, creates the basis for determining generalizing correlations of the value of nanoscale friction in any multidimensional experimental space. These developments create the preconditions to eventually extend the available macro- and mesoscale friction models to a true multiscale model that will considerably improve the design, modelling and production of MEMS devices, as well as all precision positioning systems aimed at micro- and nanometric accuracy and precision.


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About this article

An experimental methodology for the concurrent characterization of multiple parameters influencing nanoscale friction

Show Author's information Marko PERČIĆ1,2, Saša ZELENIKA1,2( ), Igor MEZIĆ2,3, Robert PETER2,4, Nikša KRSTULOVIĆ5
University of Rijeka, Faculty of Engineering, Vukovarska 58, Rijeka 51000, Croatia
University of Rijeka, Centre for Micro- and Nanosciences and Technologies, Radmile Matejčić 2, Rijeka 51000, Croatia
Department of Mechanical Engineering, UC Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93105, USA
University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, Radmile Matejčić 2, Rijeka 51000, Croatia
Institute of Physics, Bijenička 46, Zagreb 10000, Croatia

Abstract

A structured transdisciplinary method for the experimental determination of friction in the nanometric domain is proposed in this paper. The dependence of nanoscale friction on multiple process parameters on these scales, which comprise normal forces, sliding velocities, and temperature, was studied via the lateral force microscopy approach. The procedure used to characterize the stiffness of the probes used, and especially the influence of adhesion on the obtained results, is thoroughly described. The analyzed thin films were obtained by using either atomic layer or pulsed laser deposition. The developed methodology, based on elaborated design of experiments algorithms, was successfully implemented to concurrently characterize the dependence of nanoscale friction in the multidimensional space defined by the considered process parameters. This enables the establishment of a novel methodology that extends the current state-of-the-art of nanotribological studies, as it allows not only the gathering of experimental data, but also the ability to do so systematically and concurrently for several influencing variables at once. This, in turn, creates the basis for determining generalizing correlations of the value of nanoscale friction in any multidimensional experimental space. These developments create the preconditions to eventually extend the available macro- and mesoscale friction models to a true multiscale model that will considerably improve the design, modelling and production of MEMS devices, as well as all precision positioning systems aimed at micro- and nanometric accuracy and precision.

Keywords: contact mechanics, nanoscale friction, lateral force microscopy, experimental determination methodology, multivariate space

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Publication history
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Acknowledgements
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Publication history

Received: 08 January 2019
Revised: 18 February 2019
Accepted: 15 March 2019
Published: 17 April 2019
Issue date: June 2020

Copyright

© The author(s) 2019

Acknowledgements

The work described in this paper is enabled by using the equipment funded via the ERDF project RC.2.2.06-0001 "Research Infrastructure for Campus- based Laboratories at the University of Rijeka - RISK", as well as via the support of the University of Rijeka grants uniri-tehnic-18-32 "Advanced mechatronics devices for smart technological solutions" and 4581 "Measuring, modelling and compensating friction in high-precision devices: From macro- to nanometric scale". The work was partially supported also by the Croatian Science Foundation project IP-11-2013-2753 "Laser Cold Plasma Interaction and Diagnostics". The GoSumD software is provided by AIMdyn, Inc.

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