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Friction 2018, 6(3): 316-322 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-018-0239-1
Research Article | Open Access | Issue | Published: 20 August 2018

Single asperity friction in the wear regime

Show Author's Information Yongjian YANG,  Yunfeng SHI( )
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
Keywords:
friction, molecular dynamics, single-asperity contact, atomic wear, plastic wear
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YANG Y, SHI Y. Single asperity friction in the wear regime. Friction, 2018, 6(3): 316-322. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-018-0239-1
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Abstract Full text About this article

We used molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the friction of a single asperity against a rigid substrate, while generating debris. In the low wear regime (i.e., non-linear wear rate dependence on the contact stress, via atom-by-atom attrition), the frictional stress is linearly dependent on the normal stress, without any lubrication effect from the wear debris particles. Both the slope (friction coefficient) and friction at zero normal stress depend strongly on asperity-substrate adhesion. In the high wear regime (i.e., linear wear rate dependence on the contact stress, via plastic flow), the friction-normal stress curves deviate from a linear relation merging toward plastic flow of the single asperity which is independent of the interfacial adhesion. One can further link wear and friction by considering debris generation as chemical reaction, driven by both normal and frictional forces. The coupling between wear and friction can then be quantified by a thermodynamic efficiency of the debris generation. While the efficiency is less than 5% in the low wear regime, indicating poor mechanochemical coupling, it increases with normal stress toward 50% in the high wear regime.


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About this article

Single asperity friction in the wear regime

Show Author's information Yongjian YANG, Yunfeng SHI( )
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA

Abstract

We used molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the friction of a single asperity against a rigid substrate, while generating debris. In the low wear regime (i.e., non-linear wear rate dependence on the contact stress, via atom-by-atom attrition), the frictional stress is linearly dependent on the normal stress, without any lubrication effect from the wear debris particles. Both the slope (friction coefficient) and friction at zero normal stress depend strongly on asperity-substrate adhesion. In the high wear regime (i.e., linear wear rate dependence on the contact stress, via plastic flow), the friction-normal stress curves deviate from a linear relation merging toward plastic flow of the single asperity which is independent of the interfacial adhesion. One can further link wear and friction by considering debris generation as chemical reaction, driven by both normal and frictional forces. The coupling between wear and friction can then be quantified by a thermodynamic efficiency of the debris generation. While the efficiency is less than 5% in the low wear regime, indicating poor mechanochemical coupling, it increases with normal stress toward 50% in the high wear regime.

Keywords: friction, molecular dynamics, single-asperity contact, atomic wear, plastic wear

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Publication history
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Acknowledgements
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Publication history

Received: 02 May 2018
Revised: 29 July 2018
Accepted: 03 August 2018
Published: 20 August 2018
Issue date: September 2018

Copyright

© The author(s) 2018

Acknowledgements

We thank Professors Liping Huang (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute), Thierry Blanchet (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute), Izabela Szlufarska (Univ. of Wisconsin), Rob Carpick (Univ. Pennsylvania), Mark Robbins (Johns Hopkins) and Michael Falk (Johns Hopkins) for useful discussions. We are grateful to the support from the National Science Foundation (Grant No. CMMI-1031408). Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out in LAMMPS using supercomputers in the Computational Center for Innovations (CCI) at RPI.

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