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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2022, 11(9): 1491-1497 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40145-022-0616-0
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Facile synthesis of hollow Ti3AlC2 microrods in molten salts via Kirkendall effect

Show Author's Information Yi LIUa( ),  Chuangye WANGa,  Wei LUOa,  Liang BAIa,  Yang XUb,  Xiaodong HAOb,  Jianfeng ZHUa,  Shouwu GUOa,c
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
Department of Electronic Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Keywords:
Ti3AlC2, hollow structure, Kirkendall effect, molten salt synthesis (MSS)
Cite this article:
LIU Y, WANG C, LUO W, et al. Facile synthesis of hollow Ti3AlC2 microrods in molten salts via Kirkendall effect. Journal of Advanced Ceramics, 2022, 11(9): 1491-1497. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40145-022-0616-0
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

The microstructure and morphology of Ti3AlC2 powders not only affect the preparation of Ti3C2 MXene but also have a great influence on their potential applications, such as microwave absorbers, alloy additives, or catalytic supports. However, the synthesis of Ti3AlC2 powders with desired microstructure and morphology remains a challenge. Herein, hollow Ti3AlC2 microrods were prepared for the first time in NaCl/KCl molten salts by using titanium, aluminum, and short carbon fibers as starting materials. It was found that the short carbon fibers not only performed as carbon source but also acted as sacrificial template. Furthermore, it was revealed that TiC and Ti2AlC were initially formed on the surface of carbon fibers. The subsequent reactions between the outer Ti, Al and the inner carbon were dominated by the Kirkendall effect which gave rise to the formation of a hollow structure. Based on this mechanism, hollow Ti3AlC2 microspheres and a series of hollow TiC, Ti2AlC, and V2AlC powders were also successfully fabricated. This work provides a facile route to synthesize hollow MAX phases and may give enlightenment on preparing other hollow carbide powders via the Kirkendall effect in the molten salts.


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About this article

Facile synthesis of hollow Ti3AlC2 microrods in molten salts via Kirkendall effect

Show Author's information Yi LIUa( ), Chuangye WANGa, Wei LUOa, Liang BAIa, Yang XUb, Xiaodong HAOb, Jianfeng ZHUa, Shouwu GUOa,c
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
Department of Electronic Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

Abstract

The microstructure and morphology of Ti3AlC2 powders not only affect the preparation of Ti3C2 MXene but also have a great influence on their potential applications, such as microwave absorbers, alloy additives, or catalytic supports. However, the synthesis of Ti3AlC2 powders with desired microstructure and morphology remains a challenge. Herein, hollow Ti3AlC2 microrods were prepared for the first time in NaCl/KCl molten salts by using titanium, aluminum, and short carbon fibers as starting materials. It was found that the short carbon fibers not only performed as carbon source but also acted as sacrificial template. Furthermore, it was revealed that TiC and Ti2AlC were initially formed on the surface of carbon fibers. The subsequent reactions between the outer Ti, Al and the inner carbon were dominated by the Kirkendall effect which gave rise to the formation of a hollow structure. Based on this mechanism, hollow Ti3AlC2 microspheres and a series of hollow TiC, Ti2AlC, and V2AlC powders were also successfully fabricated. This work provides a facile route to synthesize hollow MAX phases and may give enlightenment on preparing other hollow carbide powders via the Kirkendall effect in the molten salts.

Keywords: Ti3AlC2, hollow structure, Kirkendall effect, molten salt synthesis (MSS)

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Publication history

Received: 15 January 2022
Revised: 22 May 2022
Accepted: 25 May 2022
Published: 28 July 2022
Issue date: September 2022

Copyright

© The Author(s) 2022.

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51602184 and 21902096), the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (Grant No. 2020JM-505), and the Academic Talent Introduction Program of SUST (Grant No. 134080056).

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