Journal Home > Volume 2 , Issue 4
Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2013, 2(4): 318-324 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40145-013-0078-5
Research Article | Open Access | Issue | Published: 04 December 2013

Processing and characterization of polymer precursor derived silicon oxycarbide ceramic foams and compacts

Show Author's Information Srinivasan NEDUNCHEZHIAN,  Ravindran SUJITH,  Ravi KUMAR*( )
Materials Processing Section, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
Keywords:
silicon oxycarbide, foams, 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (DABCO), self-blown polymer, poly(hydridomethylsiloxane) (PHMS)
Cite this article:
NEDUNCHEZHIAN S, SUJITH R, KUMAR R. Processing and characterization of polymer precursor derived silicon oxycarbide ceramic foams and compacts. Journal of Advanced Ceramics, 2013, 2(4): 318-324. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40145-013-0078-5
Download citation
EndNote(RIS)
BibTeX

565

Views

17

Downloads

Citations

23

Crossref

N/A

WoS

25

Scopus

0

CSCD

Abstract Full text About this article

This work focused on the fabrication of silicon oxycarbide ceramic (SiOC) foams as well as dense compacts using poly(hydridomethylsiloxane) (PHMS) as a polymer precursor. The room-temperature cross-linking of PHMS was achieved by the addition of 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (DABCO) with the release of hydrogen gas as a by-product. This resulted in self-blowing of the polymer precursor at room temperature and thereby offered the possibility of producing SiOC foams without the need of any external blowing agents. We also reported the fabrication of crack-free silicon oxycarbide compacts by cold compaction and pyrolysis route using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a processing additive. Cylindrical-shaped pellets were pyrolysed at 1300 ℃ in argon atmosphere with a ceramic yield of approximately 85%. Increased resistance to phase separation and crystallization up to 1400 ℃ was attributed to the presence of large volume fraction of free carbon in the material which was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy.


menu
Abstract
Full text
Outline
About this article

Processing and characterization of polymer precursor derived silicon oxycarbide ceramic foams and compacts

Show Author's information Srinivasan NEDUNCHEZHIAN, Ravindran SUJITH, Ravi KUMAR*( )
Materials Processing Section, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

This work focused on the fabrication of silicon oxycarbide ceramic (SiOC) foams as well as dense compacts using poly(hydridomethylsiloxane) (PHMS) as a polymer precursor. The room-temperature cross-linking of PHMS was achieved by the addition of 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (DABCO) with the release of hydrogen gas as a by-product. This resulted in self-blowing of the polymer precursor at room temperature and thereby offered the possibility of producing SiOC foams without the need of any external blowing agents. We also reported the fabrication of crack-free silicon oxycarbide compacts by cold compaction and pyrolysis route using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a processing additive. Cylindrical-shaped pellets were pyrolysed at 1300 ℃ in argon atmosphere with a ceramic yield of approximately 85%. Increased resistance to phase separation and crystallization up to 1400 ℃ was attributed to the presence of large volume fraction of free carbon in the material which was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy.

Keywords: silicon oxycarbide, foams, 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (DABCO), self-blown polymer, poly(hydridomethylsiloxane) (PHMS)

References(32)

[1]
Zhang H, Pantano CG. Synthesis and characterization of silicon oxycarbide glasses. J Am Ceram Soc 1990, 73: 958-963.
DOI Google Scholar
[2]
Renlund GM, Prochazka S, Doremus RH. Silicon oxycarbide glasses: Part II. Structure and properties. J Mater Res 1991, 6: 2723-2734.
DOI Google Scholar
[3]
Bois L, Maquet J, Babonneau F, et al. Structural characterization of sol–gel derived oxycarbide glasses. 1. Study of the pyrolysis process. Chem Mater 1994, 6: 796-802.
DOI Google Scholar
[4]
Corriu RJP, Leclercq D, Mutin PH, et al. 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance study of the structure of silicon oxycarbide glasses derived from organosilicon precursors. J Mater Sci 1995, 30: 2313-2318.
DOI Google Scholar
[5]
Mutin PH. Control of the composition and structure of silicon oxycarbide and oxynitride glasses derived from polysiloxane precursors. J Sol–Gel Sci Technol 1999, 14: 27-38.
Google Scholar
[6]
Kleebe HJ, Turquat C, Sorarù GD. Phase separation in an SiCO glass studied by transmission electron microscopy and electron energy-loss spectroscopy. J Am Ceram Soc 2001, 84: 1073-1080.
DOI Google Scholar
[7]
Harshe R, Balan C, Riedel R. Amorphous Si(Al)OC ceramic from polysiloxanes: Bulk ceramic processing, crystallization and applications. J Eur Ceram Soc 2004, 24: 3471-3482.
DOI Google Scholar
[8]
Colombo P, Mera G, Riedel R, et al. Polymer-derived ceramics: 40 years of research and innovation in advanced ceramics. J Am Ceram Soc 2010, 93: 1805-1837.
DOI Google Scholar
[9]
Radovanovic E, Gozzi MF, Gonçalves MC, et al. Silicon oxycarbide glasses from silicone networks. J Non-Cryst Solids 1999, 248: 37-48.
DOI Google Scholar
[10]
Modena S, Sorarù GD, Blum Y, et al. Passive oxidation of an effluent system: The case of polymer-derived SiCO. J Am Ceram Soc 2005, 88: 339-345.
DOI Google Scholar
[11]
Liu X, Li YL, Hou F. Fabrication of SiOC ceramic microparts and patterned structures from polysiloxanes via liquid cast and pyrolysis. J Am Ceram Soc 2009, 92: 49-53.
DOI Google Scholar
[12]
Su D, Li YL, An HJ, et al. Pyrolytic transformation of liquid precursors to shaped bulk ceramics. J Eur Ceram Soc 2010, 30: 1503-1511.
DOI Google Scholar
[13]
Jiang T, Hill A, Fei W, et al. Making bulk ceramics from polymeric precursors. J Am Ceram Soc 2010, 93: 3017-3019.
DOI Google Scholar
[14]
Greil P. Active-filler-controlled pyrolysis of preceramic polymers. J Am Ceram Soc 1995, 78: 835-848.
DOI Google Scholar
[15]
Blum YD, MacQueen DB, Kleebe H-J. Synthesis and characterization of carbon-enriched silicon oxycarbides. J Eur Ceram Soc 2005, 25: 143-149.
DOI Google Scholar
[16]
Lavedrine A, Bahloul D, Goursat P, et al. Pyrolysis of polyvinylsilazane precursors to silicon carbonitride. J Eur Ceram Soc 1991, 8: 221-227.
DOI Google Scholar
[17]
Yvie NSCK, Corriu RJP, Leclerq D, et al. Silicon carbonitride from polymeric precursors: Thermal cross-linking and pyrolysis of oligosilazane model compounds. Chem Mater 1992, 4: 141-146.
DOI Google Scholar
[18]
Wen G, Bai H, Huang X, et al. Lotus-type porous SiOCN ceramic fabricated by undirectional solidification and pyrolysis. J Am Ceram Soc 2011, 94: 1309-1313.
DOI Google Scholar
[19]
Kroke E, Li Y-L, Konetschny C, et al. Silazane derived ceramics and related materials. Mat Sci Eng R 2000, 26: 97-199.
DOI Google Scholar
[20]
Blum YD, Schwartz KB, Laine RM. Preceramic polymer pyrolysis. J Mater Sci 1989, 24: 1707-1718.
DOI Google Scholar
[21]
Walter S, Soraru GD, Bréquel H, et al. Microstructural and mechanical characterization of sol–gel-derived Si–O–C glasses. J Eur Ceram Soc 2002, 22: 2389-2400.
DOI Google Scholar
[22]
Wang Y, Alsmeyer DC, McCreery RL. Raman spectroscopy of carbon materials: Structural basis of observed spectra. Chem Mater 1990, 2: 557-563.
DOI Google Scholar
[23]
Schiavon MA, Gervais C, Babonneau F, et al. Crystallization behavior of novel silicon boron oxycarbide glasses. J Am Ceram Soc 2004, 87: 203-208.
DOI Google Scholar
[24]
Rouxel T, Soraru G-D, Vicens J. Creep viscosity and stress relaxation of gel-derived silicon oxycarbide glasses. J Am Ceram Soc 2001, 84: 1052-1058.
DOI Google Scholar
[25]
Gambaryan-Roisman T, Scheffler M, Buhler P, et al. Processing of ceramic foam by pyrolysis of filler containing phenylmethyl polysiloxane precursor. Ceram Trans 2000, 108: 121-130.
Google Scholar
[26]
Zeschky J, Goetz-Neunhoeffer F, Neubauer J, et al. Preceramic polymer derived cellular ceramics. Compos Sci Technol 2003, 63: 2361-2370.
DOI Google Scholar
[27]
Zeschky J, Höfner T, Arnold C, et al. Polysilsesquioxane derived ceramic foams with gradient porosity. Acta Mater 2005, 53: 927-937.
DOI Google Scholar
[28]
Zeschky J, Lo J, Höfner T, et al. Mg alloy infiltrated Si–O–C ceramic foams. Mat Sci Eng A 2005, 403: 215-221.
DOI Google Scholar
[29]
Mazo MA, Palencia C, Nistal A, et al. Dense bulk silicon oxycarbide glasses obtained by spark plasma sintering. J Eur Ceram Soc 2012, 32: 3369-3378.
DOI Google Scholar
[30]
Sujith R, Srinivasan N, Kumar R. Small-scale deformation of pulsed electric current sintered silicon oxycarbide polymer derived ceramics. Adv Eng Mater 2013, .
DOI Google Scholar
[31]
Konetschny C, Galusek D, Reschke S, et al. Dense silicon carbonitride ceramics by pyrolysis of cross-linked and warm pressed polysilazane powders. J Eur Ceram Soc 1999, 19: 2789-2796.
DOI Google Scholar
[32]
Weisbarth R, Jansen M. SiBN3C ceramic workpieces by pressureless pyrolysis without sintering aids: Preparation, characterization and electrical properties. J Mater Chem 2003, 13: 2975-2978.
DOI Google Scholar
Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements
Rights and permissions

Publication history

Received: 27 May 2013
Revised: 22 July 2013
Accepted: 08 August 2013
Published: 04 December 2013
Issue date: December 2013

Copyright

© The author(s) 2013

Acknowledgements

This work was supported financially by Indian Space Research Organisation and their support is gratefully acknowledged.

Rights and permissions

Open Access: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited.

Return