Journal Home > Volume 2 , Issue 2

Piezoelectric ceramics are extensively investigated materials for transducer application. The selection of optimal piezoelectric material for this particular application is a tedious task. It depends upon various physical properties, including piezoelectric charge coefficient (d33), electromechanical coupling factor (Kp), dielectric constant (εr), and dielectric loss (tanδ). The classical multiple attribute decision making (MADM) can be used for decision making if these properties are known precisely. However, these properties cannot be expressed by exact numerical values, since they are dependent upon the microstructure and fabrication process. Fuzzy-based MADM approaches can be helpful in such cases. In this paper, we have determined the ranks and rank indices (for degree of closeness) of important piezoelectric materials using fuzzy VlseKriterijumska Optimisacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) technique. PLZT(8/65/35) ((Pb1-xLax)(ZryTi1-y)O3) and KNN–LT–LS ((K0.44Na0.52Li0.04)–(Nb0.84Ta0.10Sb0.06)O3) consecutively are found to be the top-rank piezoelectric ceramics. This indicates that KNN–LT–LS can be used on behalf of lead-based piezo-ceramics.


menu
Abstract
Full text
Outline
About this article

Piezoelectric material selection for transducers under fuzzy environment

Show Author's information Gaurav VATSRahul VAISH*( )
School of Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175001, India

Abstract

Piezoelectric ceramics are extensively investigated materials for transducer application. The selection of optimal piezoelectric material for this particular application is a tedious task. It depends upon various physical properties, including piezoelectric charge coefficient (d33), electromechanical coupling factor (Kp), dielectric constant (εr), and dielectric loss (tanδ). The classical multiple attribute decision making (MADM) can be used for decision making if these properties are known precisely. However, these properties cannot be expressed by exact numerical values, since they are dependent upon the microstructure and fabrication process. Fuzzy-based MADM approaches can be helpful in such cases. In this paper, we have determined the ranks and rank indices (for degree of closeness) of important piezoelectric materials using fuzzy VlseKriterijumska Optimisacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) technique. PLZT(8/65/35) ((Pb1-xLax)(ZryTi1-y)O3) and KNN–LT–LS ((K0.44Na0.52Li0.04)–(Nb0.84Ta0.10Sb0.06)O3) consecutively are found to be the top-rank piezoelectric ceramics. This indicates that KNN–LT–LS can be used on behalf of lead-based piezo-ceramics.

Keywords: piezoceramics, selection, MADM, fuzzy approach, transducer application

References(46)

[1]
Shrout TR, Zhang SJ. Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics: Alternatives for PZT? J Electroceram 2007, 19: 111–124.
[2]
Haertling GH. Ferroelectric ceramics: History and technology. J Am Ceram Soc 1999, 82: 797–818.
[3]
Rödel J, Klaus WJ, Seifert TP, et al. Perspective on the development of lead-free piezoceramics. J Am Ceram Soc 2009, 92: 1153–1177.
[4]
Xiao DQ, Lin DM, Zhu JG, et al. Studies on new systems of BNT-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. J Electroceram 2008, 21: 34–38.
[5]
Lau ST, Cheng CH, Choy SH, et al. Lead-free ceramics for pyroelectric applications. J Appl Phys 2008, 103: 104105.
[6]
Saito Y, Takao H, Tani T, et al. Lead-free piezoceramics. Nature 2004, 432: 84–87.
[7]
Damjanovic D, Klein N, Li J, et al. What can be expected from lead-free piezoelectric materials? Funct Mater Lett 2010, 3: 5–13.
[8]
Sen P, Yang JB. Multiple Criteria Decision Support in Engineering Design. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1998.
DOI
[9]
Saaty TL. How to make a decision: The analytic hierarchy process. Eur J Oper Res 1990, 48: 9–26.
[10]
Rao RV. A material selection model using graph theory and matrix approach. Mat Sci Eng A 2006, 431: 248–255.
[11]
Opricovic S, Tzeng GH. Extended VIKOR method in comparison with outranking methods. Eur J Oper Res 2007, 178: 514–529.
[12]
Deng H, Yeh CH, Willis RJ. Inter-company comparison using TOPSIS with objective weights. Comput Oper Res 2000, 27: 963–973.
[13]
Vaish R. Piezoelectric and pyroelectric materials selection. Int J Appl Ceram Technol 2012, .
[14]
Chauhan A, Vaish R. Magnetic material selection using multiple attribute decision making approach. Mater Design 2012, 36: 1–5.
[15]
Chauhan A, Vaish R. A comparative study on material selection for micro-electromechanical systems. Mater Design 2012, 41: 177–181.
[16]
Chauhan A, Vaish R. Hard coating material selection using multi-criteria decision making. Mater Design 2013, 44: 240–245.
[17]
Girubha RJ, Vinodh S. Application of fuzzy VIKOR and environmental impact analysis for material selection of an automotive component. Mater Design 2012, 37: 478–486.
[18]
Shemshadi A, Shirazi H, Toreihi M, et al. A fuzzy VIKOR method for supplier selection based on entropy measure for objective weighting. Expert Syst Appl 2011, 38: 12160–12167.
[19]
Opricovic S. Fuzzy VIKOR with an application to water resources planning. Expert Syst Appl 2011, 38: 12983–12990.
[20]
Devi K. Extension of VIKOR method in intuitionistic fuzzy environment for robot selection. Expert Syst Appl 2011, 38: 14163–14168.
[21]
Kaya T, Kahraman C. Fuzzy multiple criteria forestry decision making based on an integrated VIKOR and AHP approach. Expert Syst Appl 2011, 38: 7326–7333.
[22]
Chatterjee P, Athawale VM, Chakraborty S. Selection of materials using compromise ranking and outranking methods. Mater Design 2009, 30: 4043–4053.
[23]
Kuo MS, Liang GS. Combining VIKOR with GRA techniques to evaluate service quality of airports under fuzzy environment. Expert Syst Appl 2011, 38: 1304–1312.
[24]
Chen W, Li YM, Xu Q, et al. Electromechanical properties and morphotropic phase boundary of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3–K0.5Bi0.5TiO3–BaTiO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. J Electroceram 2005, 15: 229–235.
[25]
Jaeger RE, Egerton L. Hot pressing of potassium–sodium niobates. J Am Ceram Soc 1962, 45: 209–213.
[26]
Haertling GH. Properties of hot-pressed ferroelectric alkali niobate ceramics. J Am Ceram Soc 1967, 50: 329–330.
[27]
Park SE, Shrout TR. Characteristics of relaxor-based piezoelectric single crystals for ultrasonic transducers. IEEE T Ultrason Ferr 1997, 44: 1140–1147
[28]
Elkechai O, Manier M, Mercurio JP. Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3–K0.5Bi0.5TiO3 (NBT–KBT) system: A structural and electrical study. Phys Status Solidi a 1996, 157: 499–506.
[29]
Zuo RZ, Fang XS, Ye C, et al. Phase transitional behavior and piezoelectric properties of lead-free (Na0.5K0.5)NbO3–(Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3 ceramics. J Am Ceram Soc 2007, 90: 2424–2428.
[30]
Guo YP, Kakimoto K, Ohsato H. Phase transitional behavior and piezoelectric properties of (Na0.5K0.5)NbO3–LiNbO3 ceramics. Appl Phys Lett 2004, 85: 4121.
[31]
Guo Y, Kakimoto K, Ohsato H. (Na0.5K0.5)NbO3 –LiTaO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. Mater Lett 2005, 59: 241–244.
[32]
Ahn CW, Park HY, Nahm S, et al. Structural variation and piezoelectric properties of 0.95(Na0.5K0.5)NbO3–0.05BaTiO3 ceramics. Sensor Actuat A: Phys 2007, 136: 255–260.
[33]
Egerton L, Dillon DM. Piezoelectric and dielectric properties of ceramics in the system potassium–sodium niobate. J Am Ceram Soc 1959, 42: 438–442.
[34]
Hollenstein E, Davis M, Damjanovic D, et al. Piezoelectric properties of Li- and Ta-modified (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 ceramics. Appl Phys Lett 2005, 87: 182905.
[35]
Jaffe H. Piezoelectric ceramics. J Am Ceram Soc 1958, 41: 494–498.
[36]
Zang GZ, Wang JF, Chen HC, et al. Perovskite (Na0.5K0.5)1-x(LiSb)xNb1-xO3 lead-free piezoceramics. Appl Phys Lett 2006, 88: 212908.
[37]
Jaffe H, Berlincourt DA. Piezoelectric transducer materials. Proc IEEE 1965, 53: 1372–1386.
[38]
Schofield D, Brown RF. An investigation of some barium titanate compositions for transducer applications. Can J Phys 1957, 35: 594–607.
[39]
Yuan Y, Zhang SR, Zhou XH, et al. Phase transition and temperature dependences of electrical properties of [Bi0.5(Na1-x-yKxLiy)0.5]TiO3 ceramics. Jpn J Appl Phys 2006, 45: 831–834.
[40]
Lin DM, Xiao DQ, Zhu JG, et al. Piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties of [Bi0.5(Na1-x-yKxLiy)0.5]TiO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. Appl Phys Lett 2006, 88: 062901.
[41]
Saito Y, Takao H. High performance lead-free piezoelectric ceramics in the (K,Na)NbO3–LiTaO3 solid solution system. Ferroelectrics 2006, 338: 17–32.
[42]
Tressler JF, Alkoy S, Newnham RE. Piezoelectric sensors and sensor materials. J Electroceram 1998, 2: 257–272.
[43]
Zhu MK, Liu LY, Hou YD, et al. Microstructure and electrical properties of MnO-doped (Na0.5Bi0.5)0.92Ba0.08TiO3 lead-free piezoceramics. J Am Ceram Soc 2007, 90: 120–124.
[44]
Hagh NM, Jadidian B, Safari A. Property-processing relationship in lead-free (K,Na,Li)NbO3-solid solution system. J Electroceram 2007, 18: 339–346.
[45]
Dehgan-Manshadi B, Mahmudi H, Abedian A, et al. A novel method for material selection in mechanical design: Combination of non-linear normalization and a modified digital logic method. Mater Design 2007, 28: 8–15.
[46]
Hagh NM, Jadidian B, Ashbahian E, et al. Lead-free piezoelectric ceramic transducer in the donor-doped K1/2Na1/2NbO3 solid solution system. IEEE T Ultrason Ferr 2008, 55: 214–224.
Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements
Rights and permissions

Publication history

Received: 18 January 2013
Revised: 27 February 2013
Accepted: 08 March 2013
Published: 04 June 2013
Issue date: June 2013

Copyright

© The author(s) 2013

Acknowledgements

Rahul Vaish gratefully acknowledges financial support from Department of Science and Technology (DST), New Delhi, India under INSPIRE Faculty Award (ENG-01)-2011.

Rights and permissions

Open Access: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.

Return