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Research Article

Microstructural evolution in lithium plating process and its effect on the calendar storage life

Ki Hwan Koh1Dong Ju Lee1Anthony Mu1Kangwoon Kim2Taehee Kim1( )Zheng Chen1,2,3( )
Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
Program of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
Sustainable Power and Energy Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Our research reveals that increasing the Li plating amount on metal anodes reduces Coulombic efficiency (C.E.) loss and mitigates corrosion issues during storage, suggesting that electrolyte selection for optimal storage life must account for Li plating levels to enhance battery performance and longevity.

Abstract

The growing demand for electric vehicles highlights the need for energy storage solutions with higher densities, spotlighting Li metal anodes as potential successors to traditional Li-ion batteries (LIBs). Achieving longer calendar aging life for Li metal anodes is crucial for their practical use, given their propensity for corrosion due to a low redox potential, which leads to compromised cycling stability and significant capacity loss during storage. Recent research investigated that this susceptibility is mainly dependent on the surface area of Li metal anode and the properties of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), particularly its stability and growth rate. Our research adds to this understanding by demonstrating that the amount of Li plating is a key factor in its corrosion during open-circuit storage, as assessed across various electrolytes. We discovered that increasing the Li plating amount effectively reduces Coulombic efficiency (C.E.) loss during aging, due to a lower surface area-to-Li ratio. This implies that the choice of electrolyte for optimal storage life should consider the amount of Li plating, with higher capacities promoting better storage characteristics.

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Nano Research
Pages 8834-8841
Cite this article:
Koh KH, Lee DJ, Mu A, et al. Microstructural evolution in lithium plating process and its effect on the calendar storage life. Nano Research, 2024, 17(10): 8834-8841. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6907-z
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Received: 06 February 2024
Revised: 06 July 2024
Accepted: 23 July 2024
Published: 21 August 2024
© Tsinghua University Press 2024
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