Li-current collector interface in lithium metal batteries

Interfaces within batteries, such as the widely studied solid electrolyte interface (SEI), profoundly influence battery performance. Among these interfaces, the solid–solid interface between electrode materials and current collectors is crucial to battery performance but has received less discussion and attention. This review highlights the latest research advancements on the solid–solid interface between lithium metal (the next-generation anode) and current collectors (typically copper), focusing on factors affecting the Li-current collector interface and improvement strategies from perspectives of current collector substrate (lithiophilicity, crystal facets, mechanical properties, and topological structure), electrolyte chemistry, current density, stacking pressure, SEI, electric field and temperature, and provides a future directions and opportunities on this topic.