Modification of the CuO electronic structure for enhanced selective electrochemical CO₂ reduction to ethylene

Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO₂RR) can produce value-added hydrocarbons from renewable electricity, providing a sustainable and promising approach to meet dual-carbon targets and alleviate the energy crisis. However, it is still challenging to improve the selectivity and stability of the products, especially the C2+ products. Here we propose to modulate the electronic structure of copper oxide (CuO) through lattice strain construction by zinc (Zn) doping to improve the selectivity of the catalyst to ethylene. Combined performance and in situ characterization analyses show that the compressive strain generated within the CuO lattice and the electronic structure modulation by Zn doping enhances the adsorption of the key intermediate *CO, thereby increasing the intrinsic activity of CO₂RR and inhibiting the hydrogen precipitation reaction. Among the best catalysts had significantly improved ethylene selectivity of 60.5% and partial current density of 500 mA cm^-2, and the highest C2+ Faraday efficiency of 71.47%. This paper provides a simple idea to study the modulation of CO₂RR properties by heteroatom doped and lattice strain.