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Research Article | Online first | Published: 06 April 2024

A gold-based multiplex immunochromatographic sensor for detecting paclitaxel, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil in clinical samples

Show Author's Information Xiaoqian Jiang1,2,  Aihua Qu1,2( ),  Xinxin Xu1,2,  Hua Kuang1,2,  Liqiang Liu1,2,  Chuanlai Xu1,2( )
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
Keywords:
paclitaxel, plasma, methotrexate, urine, immunochromatographic assay, 5-fluorouracil
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Diagnosis
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Jiang X, Qu A, Xu X, et al. A gold-based multiplex immunochromatographic sensor for detecting paclitaxel, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil in clinical samples. Nano Research, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6649-7
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

Paclitaxel (PTX), methotrexate (MTX), and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) are commonly-used small molecule anti-tumor drugs for breast cancer. Unfortunately, drug resistance occurs with long-term treatment or excessive use, and the high concentrations of PTX, MTX, and 5-FU in patients may lead to side effects with dose-limiting toxicities, such as myelosuppression, hepatotoxicity, and peripheral neuropathy. Therefore, concentration monitoring of PTX, MTX, and 5-FU in clinical treatment is very important. We prepared highly sensitive and specific monoclonal antibodies using several haptens, and established a multiple paper-based sensor utilizing optical signals of gold nanoparticles, which simultaneously detected PTX, MTX, and 5-FU in human plasma or urine with 10 min. A portable scanner for quantitative detection in plasma and urine samples was used, and the calculated limit of detection (cLOD) values were 0.002 and 0.142 μg/mL for PTX, 0.187 and 0.976 ng/mL for MTX, and 0.057 and 0.128 μg/mL for 5-FU, respectively. In the recovery test, the recovery rates and the coefficient of variation were 85.84%–108.81% and 1.23%–8.80%, respectively, indicating the reliability and accuracy of the multiple gold immunochromatographic strip (GIS). In addition, for the determination of collected clinical plasma samples, the correlation between the test data of the multiple GIS and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) was good. Therefore, the developed multiple GIS could be applied to the rapid detection of PTX, MTX, and 5-FU in different clinical samples.


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Electronic supplementary material
About this article

A gold-based multiplex immunochromatographic sensor for detecting paclitaxel, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil in clinical samples

Show Author's information Xiaoqian Jiang1,2, Aihua Qu1,2( ), Xinxin Xu1,2, Hua Kuang1,2, Liqiang Liu1,2, Chuanlai Xu1,2( )
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China

Abstract

Paclitaxel (PTX), methotrexate (MTX), and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) are commonly-used small molecule anti-tumor drugs for breast cancer. Unfortunately, drug resistance occurs with long-term treatment or excessive use, and the high concentrations of PTX, MTX, and 5-FU in patients may lead to side effects with dose-limiting toxicities, such as myelosuppression, hepatotoxicity, and peripheral neuropathy. Therefore, concentration monitoring of PTX, MTX, and 5-FU in clinical treatment is very important. We prepared highly sensitive and specific monoclonal antibodies using several haptens, and established a multiple paper-based sensor utilizing optical signals of gold nanoparticles, which simultaneously detected PTX, MTX, and 5-FU in human plasma or urine with 10 min. A portable scanner for quantitative detection in plasma and urine samples was used, and the calculated limit of detection (cLOD) values were 0.002 and 0.142 μg/mL for PTX, 0.187 and 0.976 ng/mL for MTX, and 0.057 and 0.128 μg/mL for 5-FU, respectively. In the recovery test, the recovery rates and the coefficient of variation were 85.84%–108.81% and 1.23%–8.80%, respectively, indicating the reliability and accuracy of the multiple gold immunochromatographic strip (GIS). In addition, for the determination of collected clinical plasma samples, the correlation between the test data of the multiple GIS and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) was good. Therefore, the developed multiple GIS could be applied to the rapid detection of PTX, MTX, and 5-FU in different clinical samples.

Keywords: paclitaxel, plasma, methotrexate, urine, immunochromatographic assay, 5-fluorouracil

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Publication history
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Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 15 February 2024
Revised: 10 March 2024
Accepted: 21 March 2024
Published: 06 April 2024

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© Tsinghua University Press 2024

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This work is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22236002 and 21925402), and this work is also financially supported by National Key R&D Program (No. 2021YFA1200300).

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