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Research Article | Online first | Published: 25 January 2024

An aqueous rechargeable Fe//LiMn2O4 hybrid battery with superior electrochemical performance beyond mainstream Fe-based batteries

Show Author's Information Yu Liu1,  Dehui Xie1,  Yuxin Shi2,  Rongguan Lv1,  Yingna Chang1,  Yuzhen Sun1,  Zhiyuan Zhao1,  Jindi Wang1,  Kefan Song1,  Huayu Wu1,  Tuan K.A. Hoang3( ),  Rong Xing1( ),  Huan Pang2( )
Institute of New Energy on Chemical Storage and Power Sources, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224000, China
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
Keywords:
theoretical calculation, iron oxide, aqueous battery, high voltage, high energy
Topics:
Secondary batteries
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Liu Y, Xie D, Shi Y, et al. An aqueous rechargeable Fe//LiMn2O4 hybrid battery with superior electrochemical performance beyond mainstream Fe-based batteries. Nano Research, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6440-9
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

Aqueous rechargeable batteries (ARBs) are generally safer than non-aqueous analogues, they are also less-expensive, and more friendly to the environment. However, the inherent disadvantage of the narrow electrochemical window of H2O seriously restricts the energy density and output voltage of ARBs, especially aqueous rechargeable Fe-based batteries. Herein, we introduce a new battery system: the anode contains C@Fe/Fe2O3 composite, which is interfaced with an alkaline electrolyte; the cathode contains LiMn2O4 in contact with a neutral electrolyte. A Li+-conducting membrane is carefully selected to decouple the electrode–electrolyte, which effectively widens the electrochemical window to above 2.65 V, thereby enables an aqueous rechargeable iron battery. Its average output voltage is 1.83 V and its energy density is 235.3 Wh/kg at 549 W/kg. In this work, we propose the energy storage mechanism with the aid of density functional theory (DFT). The calculated reduction potential of the anode agrees with the experimental value. Furthermore, this battery system demonstrates long cycle lifespan of approximately 2500 cycles at 2 A/g, corresponding to a capacity retention of 82.1%. These results are very far superior than those of mainstream aqueous rechargeable Fe-based batteries, which guarantee future investigation for storing electricity energy.


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Abstract
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Electronic supplementary material
About this article

An aqueous rechargeable Fe//LiMn2O4 hybrid battery with superior electrochemical performance beyond mainstream Fe-based batteries

Show Author's information Yu Liu1, Dehui Xie1, Yuxin Shi2, Rongguan Lv1, Yingna Chang1, Yuzhen Sun1, Zhiyuan Zhao1, Jindi Wang1, Kefan Song1, Huayu Wu1, Tuan K.A. Hoang3( ), Rong Xing1( ), Huan Pang2( )
Institute of New Energy on Chemical Storage and Power Sources, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224000, China
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada

Abstract

Aqueous rechargeable batteries (ARBs) are generally safer than non-aqueous analogues, they are also less-expensive, and more friendly to the environment. However, the inherent disadvantage of the narrow electrochemical window of H2O seriously restricts the energy density and output voltage of ARBs, especially aqueous rechargeable Fe-based batteries. Herein, we introduce a new battery system: the anode contains C@Fe/Fe2O3 composite, which is interfaced with an alkaline electrolyte; the cathode contains LiMn2O4 in contact with a neutral electrolyte. A Li+-conducting membrane is carefully selected to decouple the electrode–electrolyte, which effectively widens the electrochemical window to above 2.65 V, thereby enables an aqueous rechargeable iron battery. Its average output voltage is 1.83 V and its energy density is 235.3 Wh/kg at 549 W/kg. In this work, we propose the energy storage mechanism with the aid of density functional theory (DFT). The calculated reduction potential of the anode agrees with the experimental value. Furthermore, this battery system demonstrates long cycle lifespan of approximately 2500 cycles at 2 A/g, corresponding to a capacity retention of 82.1%. These results are very far superior than those of mainstream aqueous rechargeable Fe-based batteries, which guarantee future investigation for storing electricity energy.

Keywords: theoretical calculation, iron oxide, aqueous battery, high voltage, high energy

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Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 19 August 2023
Revised: 18 October 2023
Accepted: 22 December 2023
Published: 25 January 2024

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© Tsinghua University Press 2024

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This research was funded by Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation Youth Fund Project (No. BK20220700), Jiangsu Province Industry University Research Cooperation Project (No. BY20221063), Project of Natural Science Research in Colleges and Universities of Jiangsu Province (Nos. 21KJD150004 and 23KJB480010), Jiangsu Province Education Department Major Project (Nos. 19KJA140003 and 21KJA530004), and Key R&D Plan (Social Development) Project of Yancheng Science and Technology Bureau (No. YCBE202243).

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