Ultrahigh-power electrochemical double-layer capacitors based on structurally integrated 3D carbon tube arrays

The rational design of electrodes is the key to achieving ultrahigh-power performance in electrochemical energy storage devices. Recently, we have constructed well-organized and integrated three-dimensional (3D) carbon tube (CT) grids (3D-CTGs) using a 3D porous anodic aluminum oxide template-assisted method as electrodes of electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs), showing excellent frequency response performance. The unique design warrants fast ion migration channels, excellent electronic conductivity, and good structural stability. This study achieved one of the highest carbon-based ultrahigh-power EDLCs with the 3D-CTG electrodes, resulting in ultrahigh power of 437 and 1708 W·cm⁻³ with aqueous and organic electrolytes, respectively. Capacitors constructed with these electrodes would have important application prospects in the ultrahigh-power output. The rational design and fabrication of the 3D-CTGs electrodes have demonstrated their capability to build capacitors with ultrahigh-power performance and open up new possibilities for applications requiring high-power output.