Journal Home > Volume 17 , Issue 4
Nano Research 2024, 17(4): 2994-3013 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-6208-7
Review Article | Issue | Published: 17 November 2023

Recent advances and applications of single atom catalysts based electrochemical sensors

Show Author's Information Mingyue Wang1,2,  Mingfu Ye1,  Jieyue Wang1,  Yong Xu1,  Zhendong Wang1,  Xinyue Tong1,  Xinya Han3,  Kui Zhang4,  Wenhai Wang1( ),  Konglin Wu1,3,4( ),  Xianwen Wei1( )
Institute of Clean Energy and Advanced Nanocatalysis (iClean), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China
Anhui International Research Center of Energy materials green manufacturing and biotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China
Carbon Cycle and Emission Control Research Center, Low-Carbon Research Institute, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China
Keywords:
reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, single atom catalysts (SACs), pharmaceuticals, environmental pollutants, disease biomarkers, electrochemical sensors (ECSs)
Topics:
Chemical sensors
Cite this article:
Wang M, Ye M, Wang J, et al. Recent advances and applications of single atom catalysts based electrochemical sensors. Nano Research, 2024, 17(4): 2994-3013. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-6208-7
Download citation
EndNote(RIS)
BibTeX

480

Views

127

Downloads

Citations

2

Crossref

3

WoS

3

Scopus

0

CSCD

Abstract Full text About this article

Single atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted considerable attention due to their unique structures and excellent catalytic performance, especially in the area of catalysis science and energy conversion and storage. In recent years, SACs have emerged as a new type of sensing material for constructing electrochemical sensors (ECSs), presenting excellent sensitivity, selectivity, and stability. Herein, we review the recent advances of SACs in electrochemical sensing and discuss the status quo of current SAC-based ECSs. Specifically, the fundamentals of SAC-based ECSs are outlined, including the involved central metal atoms and various supports of SACs in this field, the detection mechanisms, and improving strategies of SAC-based ECSs. Moreover, the important applications of SAC-based ECSs are listed and classified, covering the detection of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, environmental pollutants, disease biomarkers, and pharmaceuticals. Last, based on abundant reported cases, the current conundrums of SAC-based ECSs are summarized, and the prediction of their future developing trends is also put forward.


menu
Abstract
Full text
Outline
About this article

Recent advances and applications of single atom catalysts based electrochemical sensors

Show Author's information Mingyue Wang1,2, Mingfu Ye1, Jieyue Wang1, Yong Xu1, Zhendong Wang1, Xinyue Tong1, Xinya Han3, Kui Zhang4, Wenhai Wang1( ), Konglin Wu1,3,4( ), Xianwen Wei1( )
Institute of Clean Energy and Advanced Nanocatalysis (iClean), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China
Anhui International Research Center of Energy materials green manufacturing and biotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China
Carbon Cycle and Emission Control Research Center, Low-Carbon Research Institute, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China

Abstract

Single atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted considerable attention due to their unique structures and excellent catalytic performance, especially in the area of catalysis science and energy conversion and storage. In recent years, SACs have emerged as a new type of sensing material for constructing electrochemical sensors (ECSs), presenting excellent sensitivity, selectivity, and stability. Herein, we review the recent advances of SACs in electrochemical sensing and discuss the status quo of current SAC-based ECSs. Specifically, the fundamentals of SAC-based ECSs are outlined, including the involved central metal atoms and various supports of SACs in this field, the detection mechanisms, and improving strategies of SAC-based ECSs. Moreover, the important applications of SAC-based ECSs are listed and classified, covering the detection of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, environmental pollutants, disease biomarkers, and pharmaceuticals. Last, based on abundant reported cases, the current conundrums of SAC-based ECSs are summarized, and the prediction of their future developing trends is also put forward.

Keywords: reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, single atom catalysts (SACs), pharmaceuticals, environmental pollutants, disease biomarkers, electrochemical sensors (ECSs)

References(111)

[1]

Saha, T.; Del Caño, R.; Mahato, K.; De La Paz, E.; Chen, C. R.; Ding, S. C.; Yin, L.; Wang, J. Wearable electrochemical glucose sensors in diabetes management: A comprehensive review. Chem. Rev. 2023, 123, 7854–7889.
DOI Google Scholar
[2]

Del Caño, R.; Saha, T.; Moonla, C.; De La Paz, E.; Wang, J. Ketone bodies detection: Wearable and mobile sensors for personalized medicine and nutrition. Trends Anal. Chem. 2023, 159, 116938.
DOI Google Scholar
[3]

Cetó, X.; Saint, C.; Chow, C. W. K.; Voelcker, N. H.; Prieto-Simón, B. Electrochemical fingerprints of brominated trihaloacetic acids (HAA3) mixtures in water. Sens. Actuators B Chem. 2017, 247, 70–77.
DOI Google Scholar
[4]

Cetó, X.; Saint, C. P.; Chow, C. W. K.; Voelcker, N. H.; Prieto-Simón, B. Electrochemical detection of N-nitrosodimethylamine using a molecular imprinted polymer. Sens. Actuators B Chem. 2016, 237, 613–620.
DOI Google Scholar
[5]

Ortiz-Aguayo, D.; Cetó, X.; De Wael, K.; del Valle, M. Resolution of opiate illicit drugs signals in the presence of some cutting agents with use of a voltammetric sensor array and machine learning strategies. Sens. Actuators B Chem. 2022, 357, 131345.
DOI Google Scholar
[6]

Cetó, X.; Pérez, S. Voltammetric electronic tongue for vinegar fingerprinting. Talanta 2020, 219, 121253.
DOI Google Scholar
[7]

Cetó, X.; Voelcker, N. H.; Prieto-Simón, B. Bioelectronic tongues: New trends and applications in water and food analysis. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2016, 79, 608–626.
DOI Google Scholar
[8]

Mahato, K.; Wang, J. Electrochemical sensors: From the bench to the skin. Sens. Actuators B Chem. 2021, 344, 130178.
DOI Google Scholar
[9]

Wen, W.; Yan, X.; Zhu, C. Z.; Du, D.; Lin, Y. H. Recent advances in electrochemical immunosensors. Anal. Chem. 2017, 89, 138–156.
DOI Google Scholar
[10]

Jiao, L.; Yan, H. Y.; Wu, Y.; Gu, W. L.; Zhu, C. Z.; Du, D.; Lin, Y. H. When nanozymes meet single-atom catalysis. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2020, 59, 2565–2576.
DOI Google Scholar
[11]

Chen, Z.; Yu, Y. X.; Gao, Y. H.; Zhu, Z. L. Rational design strategies for nanozymes. ACS Nano 2023, 17, 13062–13080.
DOI Google Scholar
[12]

Lin, T.; Xu, Y.; Zhao, A. S.; He, W. S.; Xiao, F. Flexible electrochemical sensors integrated with nanomaterials for in situ determination of small molecules in biological samples: A review. Anal. Chim. Acta 2022, 1207, 339461.
DOI Google Scholar
[13]

Herrera-Chacón, A.; Cetó, X.; del Valle, M. Molecularly imprinted polymers-towards electrochemical sensors and electronic tongues. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2021, 413, 6117–6140.
DOI Google Scholar
[14]

Wang, M. Y.; Cetó, X.; del Valle, M. A sensor array based on molecularly imprinted polymers and machine learning for the analysis of fluoroquinolone antibiotics. ACS Sens. 2022, 7, 3318–3325.
DOI Google Scholar
[15]

Wang, M. Y.; Cetó, X.; del Valle, M. A novel electronic tongue using electropolymerized molecularly imprinted polymers for the simultaneous determination of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2022, 198, 113807.
DOI Google Scholar
[16]

Qiao, B. T.; Wang, A. Q.; Yang, X. F.; Allard, L. F.; Jiang, Z.; Cui, Y. T.; Liu, J. Y.; Li, J.; Zhang, T. Single-atom catalysis of CO oxidation using Pt1/FeO x . Nat. Chem. 2011, 3, 634–641.
DOI Google Scholar
[17]

Wu, K. L.; Sun, K. A.; Liu, S. J.; Cheong, W. C.; Chen, Z.; Zhang, C.; Pan, Y.; Cheng, Y. S.; Zhuang, Z. W.; Wei, X. W. et al. Atomically dispersed Ni–Ru–P interface sites for high-efficiency pH-universal electrocatalysis of hydrogen evolution. Nano Energy 2021, 80, 105467.
DOI Google Scholar
[18]

Ma, L. B.; Qian, J.; Li, Y. T.; Cheng, Y. W.; Wang, S. Y.; Wang, Z. W.; Peng, C.; Wu, K. L.; Xu, J.; Manke, I. et al. Binary metal single atom electrocatalysts with synergistic catalytic activity toward high-rate and high areal-capacity lithium-sulfur batteries. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2022, 32, 2208666.
DOI Google Scholar
[19]

Wu, K. L.; Fang, Z. B.; Peng, C.; Zhang, Y. N.; Jiang, B. B.; Kang, Y. S.; Chen, Z. M.; Ye, M. F.; Wu, Y. X.; Wei, X. W. et al. Cu1-B dual-active sites catalysts for the efficient dehydrogenative coupling and CO2 electroreduction. Nano Res. 2023, 16, 4582–4588.
DOI Google Scholar
[20]

Wu, T.; Li, S.; Liu, S. J.; Cheong, W. C.; Peng, C.; Yao, K.; Li, Y. P.; Wang, J. Y.; Jiang, B. B.; Chen, Z. et al. Biomass-assisted approach for large-scale construction of multi-functional isolated single-atom site catalysts. Nano Res. 2022, 15, 3980–3990.
DOI Google Scholar
[21]
Gan, T.; Wang, D. S. Atomically dispersed materials: Ideal catalysts in atomic era. Nano Res., in press, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5700-4.
DOI
[22]

Wang, G.; Wu, Y.; Li, Z. Z.; Lou, Z. Z.; Chen, Q. Q.; Li, Y. F.; Wang, D. S.; Mao, J. J. Engineering a copper single-atom electron bridge to achieve efficient photocatalytic CO2 conversion. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2023, 62, e202218460.
DOI Google Scholar
[23]

Wang, Y.; Wu, J.; Tang, S. H.; Yang, J. R.; Ye, C. L.; Chen, J.; Lei, Y. P.; Wang, D. S. Synergistic Fe-Se atom pairs as bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts boost low-temperature rechargeable Zn-air battery. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2023, 62, e202219191.
DOI Google Scholar
[24]

Ye, C. L.; Zheng, M.; Li, Z. M.; Fan, Q. K.; Ma, H. Q.; Fu, X. Z.; Wang, D. S.; Wang, J.; Li, Y. D. Electrical pulse induced one-step formation of atomically dispersed Pt on oxide clusters for ultra-low-temperature zinc-air battery. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2022, 61, e202213366.
DOI Google Scholar
[25]

Zhang, Z. D.; Zhu, J. X.; Chen, S. H.; Sun, W. M.; Wang, D. S. Liquid fluxional Ga single atom catalysts for efficient electrochemical CO2 reduction. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2023, 62, e202215136.
DOI Google Scholar
[26]

Wang, L. G.; Wang, D. S.; Li, Y. D. Single-atom catalysis for carbon neutrality. Carbon Energy 2022, 4, 1021–1079.
DOI Google Scholar
[27]

Ren, S.; Cao, X.; Jiang, Z.; Yu, Z. J.; Zhang, T. T.; Wei, S. H.; Fan, Q. K.; Yang, J.; Mao, J. J.; Wang, D. S. Single-atom catalysts for electrochemical applications. Chem. Commun. 2023, 59, 2560–2570.
DOI Google Scholar
[28]

Wang, S. W.; Wang, L. G.; Wang, D. S.; Li, Y. D. Recent advances of single-atom catalysts in CO2 conversion. Energy Environ. Sci. 2023, 16, 2759–2803.
DOI Google Scholar
[29]

Zhang, E. H.; Hu, X.; Meng, L. Z.; Qiu, M.; Chen, J. X.; Liu, Y. J.; Liu, G. Y.; Zhuang, Z. C.; Zheng, X. B.; Zheng, L. R. et al. Single-atom yttrium engineering Janus electrode for rechargeable Na-S batteries. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2022, 144, 18995–19007.
DOI Google Scholar
[30]

Zhang, Z. D.; Wang, D. S. Single-atom catalysts: Stimulating electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction in the industrial era. J. Mater. Chem. A 2022, 10, 5863–5877.
DOI Google Scholar
[31]

Chen, S. H.; Wang, B. Q.; Zhu, J. X.; Wang, L. Q.; Ou, H. H.; Zhang, Z. D.; Liang, X.; Zheng, L. R.; Zhou, L.; Su, Y. Q. et al. Lewis acid site-promoted single-atomic Cu catalyzes electrochemical CO2 methanation. Nano Lett. 2021, 21, 7325–7331.
DOI Google Scholar
[32]

Li, X. Y.; Zhuang, Z. C.; Chai, J.; Shao, R. W.; Wang, J. H.; Jiang, Z. L.; Zhu, S. W.; Gu, H. F.; Zhang, J.; Ma, Z. T. et al. Atomically strained metal sites for highly efficient and selective photooxidation. Nano Lett. 2023, 23, 2905–2914.
DOI Google Scholar
[33]

Liang, X.; Wang, D. S. Activity regulation of Fenton/Fenton-like reactions in single-atom catalysis. ChemCatChem 2023, 15, e202201579.
DOI Google Scholar
[34]

Meng, G.; Lan, W.; Zhang, L. L.; Wang, S. B.; Zhang, T. H.; Zhang, S.; Xu, M.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, J.; Yue, F. X. et al. Synergy of single atoms and Lewis acid sites for efficient and selective lignin disassembly into monolignol derivatives. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2023, 145, 12884–12893.
DOI Google Scholar
[35]

Zheng, X. B.; Yang, J. R.; Li, P.; Jiang, Z. L.; Zhu, P.; Wang, Q. S.; Wu, J. B.; Zhang, E. H.; Sun, W. P.; Dou, S. X. et al. Dual-atom support boosts nickel-catalyzed urea electrooxidation. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2023, 62, e202217449.
DOI Google Scholar
[36]

Wang, Y. L.; Yin, H. B.; Dong, F.; Zhao, X. G.; Qu, Y. K.; Wang, L. X.; Peng, Y.; Wang, D. S.; Fang, W.; Li, J. H. N-coordinated Cu-Ni dual-single-atom catalyst for highly selective electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate to ammonia. Small 2023, 19, 2207695.
DOI Google Scholar
[37]

Liu, Z. H.; Du, Y.; Yu, R. H.; Zheng, M. B.; Hu, R.; Wu, J. S.; Xia, Y. Y.; Zhuang, Z. C.; Wang, D. S. Tuning mass transport in electrocatalysis down to sub-5 nm through nanoscale grade separation. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2022, 62, e202212653.
DOI Google Scholar
[38]

Zhu, H.; Sun, S. H.; Hao, J. C.; Zhuang, Z. C.; Zhang, S. G.; Wang, T. D.; Kang, Q.; Lu, S. L.; Wang, X. F.; Lai, F. L. et al. A high-entropy atomic environment converts inactive to active sites for electrocatalysis. Energy Environ. Sci. 2023, 16, 619–628.
DOI Google Scholar
[39]

Wang, Q. P.; Liu, T. Y.; Chen, K.; Wu, D.; Chen, C.; Chen, M.; Ma, X. H.; Xu, J.; Yao, T.; Li, Y. F. et al. Precise regulation of iron spin states in single Fe-N4 sites for efficient peroxidase-mimicking catalysis. Small 2022, 18, 2204015.
DOI Google Scholar
[40]

Wang, Y.; Jia, G. R.; Cui, X. Q.; Zhao, X.; Zhang, Q. H.; Gu, L.; Zheng, L. R.; Li, L. H.; Wu, Q.; Singh, D. J. et al. Coordination number regulation of molybdenum single-atom nanozyme peroxidase-like specificity. Chem 2021, 7, 436–449.
DOI Google Scholar
[41]

Chu, T. S.; Rong, C.; Zhou, L.; Mao, X. Y.; Zhang, B. W.; Xuan, F. Z. Progress and perspectives of single-atom catalysts for gas sensing. Adv. Mater. 2023, 35, 2206783.
DOI Google Scholar
[42]

Hou, H. F.; Mao, J. J.; Han, Y. H.; Wu, F.; Zhang, M. N.; Wang, D. S.; Mao, L. Q.; Li, Y. D. Single-atom electrocatalysis: A new approach to in vivo electrochemical biosensing. Sci. China Chem. 2019, 62, 1720–1724.
DOI Google Scholar
[43]
Chen, R. Z.; Chen, S. H.; Wang, L. Q.; Wang, D. S. Nanoscale metal particle modified single-atom catalyst: Synthesis, characterization, and application. Adv. Mater., in press, https://doi.org/10.1002/ADMA.202304713.
DOI
[44]

Gao, Y.; Liu, B. Z.; Wang, D. S. Microenvironment engineering of single/dual-atom catalysts for electrocatalytic application. Adv. Mater. 2023, 35, 2209654.
DOI Google Scholar
[45]

Wang, Z. W.; Wang, W. L.; Wang, J.; Wang, D. S.; Liu, M. L.; Wu, Q. Y.; Hu, H. Y. Single-atom catalysts with ultrahigh catalase-like activity through electron filling and orbital energy regulation. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2022, 33, 2209560.
DOI Google Scholar
[46]

Yang, Y.; Wu, J. S.; Cheng, B.; Zhang, L. Y.; Al-Ghamdi, A. A.; Wageh, S.; Li, Y. J. Enhanced photocatalytic H2-production activity of CdS nanoflower using single atom Pt and graphene quantum dot as dual cocatalysts. Chin. J. Struct. Chem. 2022, 41, 2206006–2206014.
Google Scholar
[47]

Jiao, L.; Xu, W. Q.; Wu, Y.; Yan, H. Y.; Gu, W. L.; Du, D.; Lin, Y. H.; Zhu, C. Z. Single-atom catalysts boost signal amplification for biosensing. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2021, 50, 750–765.
DOI Google Scholar
[48]

Jiao, L.; Xu, W. Q.; Wu, Y.; Wang, H. J.; Hu, L. Y.; Gu, W. L.; Zhu, C. Z. On the road from single-atom materials to highly sensitive electrochemical sensing and biosensing. Anal. Chem. 2023, 95, 433–443.
DOI Google Scholar
[49]

Cui, T. T.; Li, L. X.; Ye, C. L.; Li, X. Y.; Liu, C. X.; Zhu, S. H.; Chen, W.; Wang, D. S. Heterogeneous single atom environmental catalysis: Fundamentals, applications, and opportunities. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2022, 32, 2108381.
DOI Google Scholar
[50]

Li, R. M.; Guo, W. W.; Zhu, Z. J.; Zhai, Y. L.; Wang, G. W.; Liu, Z.; Jiao, L.; Zhu, C. Z.; Lu, X. Q. Single-atom indium boosts electrochemical dopamine sensing. Anal. Chem. 2023, 95, 7195–7201.
DOI Google Scholar
[51]

Xiong, C.; Tian, L.; Xiao, C. C.; Xue, Z. G.; Zhou, F. Y.; Zhou, H.; Zhao, Y. F.; Chen, M.; Wang, Q. P.; Qu, Y. T. et al. Construction of highly accessible single Co site catalyst for glucose detection. Sci. Bull. 2020, 65, 2100–2106.
DOI Google Scholar
[52]

Song, Y. Y.; He, T.; Zhang, Y. L.; Yin, C. Y.; Chen, Y.; Liu, Q. M.; Zhang, Y.; Chen, S. W. Cobalt single atom sites in carbon aerogels for ultrasensitive enzyme-free electrochemical detection of glucose. J. Electroanal. Chem. 2022, 906, 116024.
DOI Google Scholar
[53]

Shu, Y. J.; Li, Z. J.; Yang, Y.; Tan, J. W.; Liu, Z. Y.; Shi, Y. H.; Ye, C. X.; Gao, Q. S. Isolated cobalt atoms on N-doped carbon as nanozymes for hydrogen peroxide and dopamine detection. ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 2021, 4, 7954–7962.
DOI Google Scholar
[54]

Hu, F. X.; Hu, T.; Chen, S. H.; Wang, D. P.; Rao, Q. H.; Liu, Y. H.; Dai, F. Y.; Guo, C. X.; Yang, H. B.; Li, C. M. Single-atom cobalt-based electrochemical biomimetic uric acid sensor with wide linear range and ultralow detection limit. Nano-Micro Lett. 2020, 13, 7.
DOI Google Scholar
[55]

Li, P. H.; Yang, M.; Li, Y. X.; Song, Z. Y.; Liu, J. H.; Lin, C. H.; Zeng, J.; Huang, X. J. Ultra-sensitive and selective detection of arsenic(Ⅲ) via electroanalysis over cobalt single-atom catalysts. Anal. Chem. 2020, 92, 6128–6135.
DOI Google Scholar
[56]

Hu, G. X.; Rao, Q. H.; Li, G.; Zheng, Y.; Liu, Y. H.; Guo, C. X.; Li, F. H.; Hu, F. X.; Yang, H. B.; Chen, F. Single-atom cobalt integrated flexible sensor for simultaneous detection of dihydroxybenzene isomers. Nanoscale 2023, 15, 9484–9495.
DOI Google Scholar
[57]

Liu, Y. Y.; Zhao, P.; Liang, Y.; Chen, Y. Y.; Pu, J. Z.; Wu, J. Z.; Yang, Y. Q.; Ma, Y. L.; Huang, Z.; Luo, H. B. et al. Single-atom nanozymes Co-N-C as an electrochemical sensor for detection of bioactive molecules. Talanta 2023, 254, 124171.
DOI Google Scholar
[58]

Li, Z. H.; Liu, R. J.; Tang, C.; Wang, Z. Y.; Chen, X.; Jiang, Y. H.; Wang, C. Z.; Yuan, Y.; Wang, W. B.; Wang, D. B. et al. Cobalt nanoparticles and atomic sites in nitrogen-doped carbon frameworks for highly sensitive sensing of hydrogen peroxide. Small 2020, 16, 1902860.
DOI Google Scholar
[59]

Hu, F. X.; Hu, G. X.; Wang, D. P.; Duan, X. X.; Feng, L. R.; Chen, B.; Liu, Y. H.; Ding, J.; Guo, C. X.; Yang, H. B. Integrated biochip-electronic system with single-atom nanozyme for in vivo analysis of nitric oxide. ACS Nano 2023, 17, 8575–8585.
DOI Google Scholar
[60]

Wu, F.; Pan, C.; He, C. T.; Han, Y. H.; Ma, W. J.; Wei, H.; Ji, W. L.; Chen, W. X.; Mao, J. J.; Yu, P. et al. Single-atom Co-N4 electrocatalyst enabling four-electron oxygen reduction with enhanced hydrogen peroxide tolerance for selective sensing. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2020, 142, 16861–16867.
DOI Google Scholar
[61]

Zou, Z.; Shi, Z. Z.; Wu, J. G.; Wu, C.; Zeng, Q. X.; Zhang, Y. Y.; Zhou, G. D.; Wu, X. S.; Li, J.; Chen, H. et al. Atomically dispersed Co to an end-adsorbing molecule for excellent biomimetically and prime sensitively detecting O2•- released from living cells. Anal. Chem. 2021, 93, 10789–10797.
DOI Google Scholar
[62]

Hu, Y.; Bai, C.; Li, M.; Hojamberdiev, M.; Geng, D. S.; Li, X. G. Tailoring atomically dispersed cobalt-nitrogen active sites in wrinkled carbon nanosheets via “fence” isolation for highly sensitive detection of hydrogen peroxide. J. Mater. Chem. A 2022, 10, 3190–3200.
DOI Google Scholar
[63]

Gao, X. L.; Ma, W. J.; Mao, J. J.; He, C. T.; Ji, W. L.; Chen, Z.; Chen, W. X.; Wu, W. J.; Yu, P.; Mao, L. Q. A single-atom Cu-N2 catalyst eliminates oxygen interference for electrochemical sensing of hydrogen peroxide in a living animal brain. Chem. Sci. 2021, 12, 15045–15053.
DOI Google Scholar
[64]

Shetty, S. S.; El-Demellawi, J. K.; Khan, Y.; Hedhili, M. N.; Arul, P.; Mani, V.; Alshareef, H. N.; Salama, K. N. Iron single-atom catalysts on MXenes for ultrasensitive monitoring of adrenal tumor markers and cellular dopamine. Adv. Mater. Technol. 2023, 8, 2202069.
DOI Google Scholar
[65]

Bushira, F. A.; Kitte, S. A.; Li, H. J.; Zheng, L. R.; Wang, P.; Jin, Y. D. Enzyme-like Fe-N5 single atom catalyst for simultaneous electrochemical detection of dopamine and uric acid. J. Electroanal. Chem. 2022, 904, 115956.
DOI Google Scholar
[66]

Li, P. H.; Song, Z. Y.; Xiao, X. Y.; Liang, B.; Yang, M.; Chen, S. H.; Liu, W. Q.; Huang, X. J. Coordination engineering strategy of iron single-atom catalysts boosts anti-Cu(Ⅱ) interference detection of As(Ⅲ) with a high sensitivity. J. Hazard. Mater. 2023, 442, 130122.
DOI Google Scholar
[67]

Yao, L. L.; Gao, S. J.; Liu, S.; Bi, Y. L.; Wang, R. R.; Qu, H.; Wu, Y.; Mao, Y. E.; Zheng, L. Single-atom enzyme-functionalized solution-gated graphene transistor for real-time detection of mercury ion. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2020, 12, 6268–6275.
DOI Google Scholar
[68]

Ding, S. C.; Lyu, Z.; Fang, L. Z.; Li, T.; Zhu, W. L.; Li, S. Q.; Li, X.; Li, J. C.; Du, D.; Lin, Y. H. Single-atomic site catalyst with heme enzymes-like active sites for electrochemical sensing of hydrogen peroxide. Small 2021, 17, 2100664.
DOI Google Scholar
[69]

Wei, X. Q.; Song, S. J.; Song, W. Y.; Xu, W. Q.; Jiao, L.; Luo, X.; Wu, N. N.; Yan, H. Y.; Wang, X. S.; Gu, W. L. et al. Fe3C-assisted single atomic Fe sites for sensitive electrochemical biosensing. Anal. Chem. 2021, 93, 5334–5342.
DOI Google Scholar
[70]

Li, J.; Wu, C.; Yuan, C. S.; Shi, Z. Z.; Zhang, K. Y.; Zou, Z.; Xiong, L. L.; Chen, J.; Jiang, Y. L.; Sun, W. et al. Single-atom iron anchored on 2-D graphene carbon to realize bridge-adsorption of O-O as biomimetic enzyme for remarkably sensitive electrochemical detection of H2O2. Anal. Chem. 2022, 94, 14109–14117.
DOI Google Scholar
[71]

Liang, Y.; Zhao, P.; Zheng, J. L.; Chen, Y. Y.; Liu, Y. Y.; Zheng, J.; Luo, X. G.; Huo, D. Q.; Hou, C. J. Fe single-atom electrochemical sensors for H2O2 produced by living cells. ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 2022, 5, 11852–11863.
DOI Google Scholar
[72]

Luo, X.; Luo, Z.; Wei, X. Q.; Jiao, L.; Fang, Q.; Wang, H. J.; Wang, J. H.; Gu, W. L.; Hu, L. Y.; Zhu, C. Z. Iridium single-atomic site catalysts with superior oxygen reduction reaction activity for sensitive monitoring of organophosphorus pesticides. Anal. Chem. 2022, 94, 1390–1396.
DOI Google Scholar
[73]

Lei, Y.; Butler, D.; Lucking, M. C.; Zhang, F.; Xia, T. N.; Fujisawa, K.; Granzier-Nakajima, T.; Cruz-Silva, R.; Endo, M.; Terrones, H. et al. Single-atom doping of MoS2 with manganese enables ultrasensitive detection of dopamine: Experimental and computational approach. Sci. Adv. 2020, 6, eabc4250.
DOI Google Scholar
[74]

Li, Y. Y.; Song, Z. Y.; Xiao, X. Y.; Zhang, L. K.; Huang, H. Q.; Liu, W. Q.; Huang, X. J. In-situ electronic structure redistribution tuning of single-atom Mn/g-C3N4 catalyst to trap atomic-scale lead(Ⅱ) for highly stable and accurate electroanalysis. J. Hazard. Mater. 2022, 435, 129009.
DOI Google Scholar
[75]

Cong, W. H.; Song, P.; Zhang, Y.; Yang, S.; Liu, W. F.; Zhang, T. Y.; Zhou, J. D.; Wang, M. L.; Liu, X. G. Supramolecular confinement pyrolysis to carbon-supported Mo nanostructures spanning four scales for hydroquinone determination. J. Hazard. Mater. 2022, 437, 129327.
DOI Google Scholar
[76]

Li, M.; Peng, X. Y.; Liu, X. J.; Wang, H. S.; Zhang, S. S.; Hu, G. Z. Single-atom niobium doped BCN nanotubes for highly sensitive electrochemical detection of nitrobenzene. RSC Adv. 2021, 11, 28988–28995.
DOI Google Scholar
[77]

Sun, X. J.; Chen, C.; Xiong, C.; Zhang, C. M.; Zheng, X. S.; Wang, J.; Gao, X. P.; Yu, Z. Q.; Wu, Y. E. Surface modification of MoS2 nanosheets by single Ni atom for ultrasensitive dopamine detection. Nano Res. 2023, 16, 917–924.
DOI Google Scholar
[78]

Li, Z.; Li, Y. T.; Chen, S. Y.; Zha, Q.; Zhu, M. S. In-situ monitoring of hydrogen peroxide production at nickel single-atom electrocatalyst. Chem. Eng. J. 2023, 460, 141657.
DOI Google Scholar
[79]

Zhou, M.; Jiang, Y.; Wang, G.; Wu, W. J.; Chen, W. X.; Yu, P.; Lin, Y. Q.; Mao, J. J.; Mao, L. Q. Single-atom Ni-N4 provides a robust cellular no sensor. Nat. Commun. 2020, 11, 3188.
DOI Google Scholar
[80]

Han, C. X.; Yi, W. W.; Li, Z. P.; Dong, C.; Zhao, H. Z.; Liu, M. Single-atom palladium anchored N-doped carbon enhanced electrochemical detection of furazolidone. Electrochim. Acta 2023, 447, 142083.
DOI Google Scholar
[81]

Long, B. J.; Zhao, Y. M.; Cao, P. Y.; Wei, W.; Mo, Y.; Liu, J. J.; Sun, C. J.; Guo, X. F.; Shan, C. S.; Zeng, M. H. Single-atom Pt boosting electrochemical nonenzymatic glucose sensing on Ni(OH)2/N-doped graphene. Anal. Chem. 2022, 94, 1919–1924.
DOI Google Scholar
[82]

Long, B. J.; Cao, P. Y.; Zhao, Y. M.; Fu, Q. Q.; Mo, Y.; Zhai, Y. M.; Liu, J. J.; Lyu, X.; Li, T.; Guo, X. F. et al. Pt1/Ni6Co1 layered double hydroxides/N-doped graphene for electrochemical non-enzymatic glucose sensing by synergistic enhancement of single atoms and doping. Nano Res. 2023, 16, 318–324.
DOI Google Scholar
[83]

Liu, L. Q.; Li, F. F.; Liu, T. T.; Chen, S. H.; Zhang, M. X. Porphyrin zirconium-based MOF dispersed single Pt atom for electrocatalytic sensing levodopa. J. Electroanal. Chem. 2022, 921, 116701.
DOI Google Scholar
[84]

Li, P. H.; Yang, M.; Song, Z. Y.; Chen, S. H.; Xiao, X. Y.; Lin, C. H.; Huang, X. J. Highly sensitive and stable determination of As(Ⅲ) under near-neutral conditions: Benefit from the synergetic catalysis of Pt single atoms and active s atoms over Pt1/MoS2. Anal. Chem. 2021, 93, 15115–15123.
DOI Google Scholar
[85]

Shi, X. Y.; Li, J.; Xiong, Y.; Liu, Z. Y.; Zhan, J. H.; Cai, B. Rh single-atom nanozymes for efficient ascorbic acid oxidation and detection. Nanoscale 2023, 15, 6629–6635.
DOI Google Scholar
[86]

Xie, X. L.; Wang, D. P.; Guo, C. X.; Liu, Y. H.; Rao, Q. H.; Lou, F. M.; Li, Q. N.; Dong, Y. Q.; Li, Q. F.; Yang, H. B. et al. Single-atom ruthenium biomimetic enzyme for simultaneous electrochemical detection of dopamine and uric acid. Anal. Chem. 2021, 93, 4916–4923.
DOI Google Scholar
[87]

Han, A. L.; Zhang, Z. D.; Yang, J. R.; Wang, D. S.; Li, Y. D. Carbon-supported single-atom catalysts for formic acid oxidation and oxygen reduction reactions. Small 2021, 17, 2004500.
DOI Google Scholar
[88]

Fei, H. L.; Dong, J. C.; Chen, D. L.; Hu, T. D.; Duan, X. D.; Shakir, I.; Huang, Y.; Duan, X. F. Single atom electrocatalysts supported on graphene or graphene-like carbons. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2019, 48, 5207–5241.
DOI Google Scholar
[89]

Yin, Y.; Shi, L.; Zhang, S.; Duan, X. G.; Zhang, J. Q.; Sun, H. Q.; Wang, S. B. Two-dimensional nanomaterials confined single atoms: New opportunities for environmental remediation. Nano Mater. Sci. 2023, 5, 15–38.
DOI Google Scholar
[90]

Zhang, Z. D.; Zhou, M.; Chen, Y. J.; Liu, S. J.; Wang, H. F.; Zhang, J.; Ji, S. F.; Wang, D. S.; Li, Y. D. Pd single-atom monolithic catalyst: Functional 3D structure and unique chemical selectivity in hydrogenation reaction. Sci. China Mater. 2021, 64, 1919–1929.
DOI Google Scholar
[91]

Liu, Z. H.; Du, Y.; Zhang, P. F.; Zhuang, Z. C.; Wang, D. S. Bringing catalytic order out of chaos with nitrogen-doped ordered mesoporous carbon. Matter 2021, 4, 3161–3194.
DOI Google Scholar
[92]

Liu, Y. W.; Wu, X.; Li, Z.; Zhang, J.; Liu, S. X.; Liu, S. J.; Gu, L.; Zheng, L. R.; Li, J.; Wang, D. et al. Fabricating polyoxometalates-stabilized single-atom site catalysts in confined space with enhanced activity for alkynes diboration. Nat. Commun. 2021, 12, 4205.
DOI Google Scholar
[93]

Sun, T. T.; Xu, L. B.; Wang, D. S.; Li, Y. D. Metal organic frameworks derived single atom catalysts for electrocatalytic energy conversion. Nano Res. 2019, 12, 2067–2080.
DOI Google Scholar
[94]

Sun, J. Q.; Tao, L.; Ye, C. L.; Wang, Y.; Meng, G.; Lei, H. Y.; Zheng, S. K.; Xing, C.; Tao, X.; Wu, P. F. et al. MOF-derived Ru1Zr1/Co dual-atomic-site catalyst with promoted performance for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2023, 145, 7113–7122.
DOI Google Scholar
[95]

Du, Y. X.; Zhou, Y. T.; Zhu, M. Z. Co-based MOF derived metal catalysts: From Nano-level to atom-level. Tungsten 2023, 5, 201–216.
DOI Google Scholar
[96]

Feng, Q. C.; Zhao, S.; Xu, Q.; Chen, W. X.; Tian, S. B.; Wang, Y.; Yan, W. S.; Luo, J.; Wang, D. S.; Li, Y. D. Mesoporous nitrogen-doped carbon-nanosphere-supported isolated single-atom Pd catalyst for highly efficient semihydrogenation of acetylene. Adv. Mater. 2019, 31, e1901024.
DOI Google Scholar
[97]

Wu, Z. Z.; Bai, J.; Lai, F. L.; Zheng, H.; Zhang, Y. Z.; Zhang, N.; Wang, C. X.; Wang, Z. Y.; Zhang, L. S.; Liu, T. X. Atomically dispersed platinum supported onto nanoneedle-shaped protonated polyaniline for efficient hydrogen production in acidic water electrolysis. Sci. China Mater. 2023, 66, 2680–2688.
DOI Google Scholar
[98]

Zheng, X. B.; Li, P.; Dou, S. X.; Sun, W. P.; Pan, H. G.; Wang, D. S.; Li, Y. D. Non-carbon-supported single-atom site catalysts for electrocatalysis. Energy Environ. Sci. 2021, 14, 2809–2858.
DOI Google Scholar
[99]

Iqbal, M. S.; Yao, Z. B.; Ruan, Y. K.; Iftikhar, R.; Hao, L. D.; Robertson, A. W.; Imran, S. M.; Sun, Z. Y. Single-atom catalysts for electrochemical N2 reduction to NH3. Rare Met. 2023, 42, 1075–1097.
DOI Google Scholar
[100]

Zhuang, Z. C.; Li, Y. H.; Yu, R. H.; Xia, L. X.; Yang, J. R.; Lang, Z. Q.; Zhu, J. X.; Huang, J. Z.; Wang, J. O.; Wang, Y. et al. Reversely trapping atoms from a perovskite surface for high-performance and durable fuel cell cathodes. Nat. Catal. 2022, 5, 300–310.
DOI Google Scholar
[101]

Hao, J. C.; Zhu, H.; Zhuang, Z. C.; Zhao, Q.; Yu, R. H.; Hao, J. C.; Kang, Q.; Lu, S. L.; Wang, X. F.; Wu, J. S. et al. Competitive trapping of single atoms onto a metal carbide surface. ACS Nano 2023, 17, 6955–6965.
DOI Google Scholar
[102]

Ji, S. F.; Chen, Y. J.; Wang, X. L.; Zhang, Z. D.; Wang, D. S.; Li, Y. D. Chemical synthesis of single atomic site catalysts. Chem. Rev. 2020, 120, 11900–11955.
DOI Google Scholar
[103]

Chen, Y. J.; Ji, S. F.; Chen, C.; Peng, Q.; Wang, D. S.; Li, Y. D. Single-atom catalysts: Synthetic strategies and electrochemical applications. Joule 2018, 2, 1242–1264.
DOI Google Scholar
[104]

Wang, Y. C.; Liu, Y.; Liu, W.; Wu, J.; Li, Q.; Feng, Q. G.; Chen, Z. Y.; Xiong, X.; Wang, D. S.; Lei, Y. P. Regulating the coordination structure of metal single atoms for efficient electrocatalytic CO2 reduction. Energy Environ. Sci. 2020, 13, 4609–4624.
DOI Google Scholar
[105]

Xu, Z. C.; Zhang, Q. C.; Huang, Z. M.; Chen, H.; Zhang, J.; Chen, W.; Meng, G.; Wang, D. S. Multifunctional design of single-atom catalysts for multistep reactions. Sci. China Chem. 2023, 66, 1241–1260.
DOI Google Scholar
[106]

Yang, J. R.; Li, W. H.; Wang, D. S.; Li, Y. D. Electronic metal-support interaction of single-atom catalysts and applications in electrocatalysis. Adv. Mater. 2020, 32, 2003300.
DOI Google Scholar
[107]

Zhuang, Z. C.; Xia, L. X.; Huang, J. Z.; Zhu, P.; Li, Y.; Ye, C. L.; Xia, M. G.; Yu, R. H.; Lang, Z. Q.; Zhu, J. X. et al. Continuous modulation of electrocatalytic oxygen reduction activities of single-atom catalysts through p-n junction rectification. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2023, 62, e202212335.
DOI Google Scholar
[108]

Ishimoto, Y.; Tanaka, T.; Yoshida, Y.; Inagi, R. Physiological and pathophysiological role of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species in the kidney. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 2018, 45, 1097–1105.
DOI Google Scholar
[109]

Simões, E. F. C.; Almeida, A. S.; Duarte, A. C.; Duarte, R. M. B. O. Assessing reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in atmospheric and aquatic environments: Analytical challenges and opportunities. Trends Anal. Chem. 2021, 135, 116149.
DOI Google Scholar
[110]

Zhao, S.; Zang, G. C.; Zhang, Y. C.; Liu, H. W.; Wang, N.; Cai, S. J.; Durkan, C.; Xie, G. M.; Wang, G. X. Recent advances of electrochemical sensors for detecting and monitoring ROS/RNS. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2021, 179, 113052.
DOI Google Scholar
[111]

Sies, H.; Belousov, V. V.; Chandel, N. S.; Davies, M. J.; Jones, D. P.; Mann, G. E.; Murphy, M. P.; Yamamoto, M.; Winterbourn, C. Defining roles of specific reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cell biology and physiology. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2022, 23, 499–515.
DOI Google Scholar
Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 31 July 2023
Revised: 16 September 2023
Accepted: 17 September 2023
Published: 17 November 2023
Issue date: April 2024

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press 2023

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22375005 and 21771003), the Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Province Education Department (Nos. 2022AH050323 and 2023AH051116), the Major industrial innovation plan of Anhui Province (No. AHZDCYCX-LSDT2023-04), and the University Synergy Innovation Program of Anhui Province (No. GXXT-2022-006).

Return