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Nano Research 2024, 17(3): 2038-2049 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-6189-6
Research Article | Issue | Published: 11 November 2023

Synchronous deprotonation–protonation for mechanically robust chitin/aramid nanofibers conductive aerogel with excellent pressure sensing, thermal management, and electromagnetic interference shielding

Show Author's Information Xinxin Zhang1,2,  Kunpeng Qian3,  Jianhui Fang1( ),  Sineenat Thaiboonrod4,  Miao Miao2,  Xin Feng1,2( )
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
School of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
Keywords:
pressure sensing, heat insulation, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, flame retardant, synchronous deprotonation–protonation
Topics:
Nanofibers
Cite this article:
Zhang X, Qian K, Fang J, et al. Synchronous deprotonation–protonation for mechanically robust chitin/aramid nanofibers conductive aerogel with excellent pressure sensing, thermal management, and electromagnetic interference shielding. Nano Research, 2024, 17(3): 2038-2049. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-6189-6
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

Aerogels with regularly porous structure and uniformly distributed conductive networks have received extensive attention in wearable electronic sensors, electromagnetic shielding, and so on. However, the poor mechanical properties of the emerging nanofibers-based aerogels are limited in practical applications. In this work, we developed a synchronous deprotonation–protonation method in the KOH/dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) system at room temperature for achieving chitin cross-linked aramid nanofibers (CANFs) rather than chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) and aramid nanofibers (ANFs) separately by using chitin and aramid pulp as raw materials. After freeze-drying process, the cross-linked chitin/aramid nanofibers (CA) aerogel exhibited the synergetic properties of ChNF and ANF by the dual-nanofiber compensation strategy. The mechanical stress of CA aerogel was 170 kPa at 80% compressive strain, increased by 750% compared with pure ChNF aerogel. ​Similarly, the compressibility of CA aerogel was somewhat improved compared to ANF aerogel. The enhancement verified that the crosslinking reaction between ANF and ChNF during the synchronous deprotonation process was formed. Afterwards, the conductive aerogels with uniform porous structure (CA-M) were successfully obtained by vacuum impregnating CA aerogels in Ti3C2Tx MXene solution, displaying low thermal conductivity (0.01 W/(m·K)), high electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) (75 dB), flame retardant, and heat insulation. Meanwhile, the as-obtained CA-M aerogels were also applied as a pressure sensor with excellent compression cycle stability and superior human motion monitoring capabilities. As a result, the dual-nanofiber based conductive aerogels have great potentials in flexible/wearable electronics, EMI shielding, flame retardant, and heat insulation.


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Abstract
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Electronic supplementary material
About this article

Synchronous deprotonation–protonation for mechanically robust chitin/aramid nanofibers conductive aerogel with excellent pressure sensing, thermal management, and electromagnetic interference shielding

Show Author's information Xinxin Zhang1,2, Kunpeng Qian3, Jianhui Fang1( ), Sineenat Thaiboonrod4, Miao Miao2, Xin Feng1,2( )
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
School of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand

Abstract

Aerogels with regularly porous structure and uniformly distributed conductive networks have received extensive attention in wearable electronic sensors, electromagnetic shielding, and so on. However, the poor mechanical properties of the emerging nanofibers-based aerogels are limited in practical applications. In this work, we developed a synchronous deprotonation–protonation method in the KOH/dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) system at room temperature for achieving chitin cross-linked aramid nanofibers (CANFs) rather than chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) and aramid nanofibers (ANFs) separately by using chitin and aramid pulp as raw materials. After freeze-drying process, the cross-linked chitin/aramid nanofibers (CA) aerogel exhibited the synergetic properties of ChNF and ANF by the dual-nanofiber compensation strategy. The mechanical stress of CA aerogel was 170 kPa at 80% compressive strain, increased by 750% compared with pure ChNF aerogel. ​Similarly, the compressibility of CA aerogel was somewhat improved compared to ANF aerogel. The enhancement verified that the crosslinking reaction between ANF and ChNF during the synchronous deprotonation process was formed. Afterwards, the conductive aerogels with uniform porous structure (CA-M) were successfully obtained by vacuum impregnating CA aerogels in Ti3C2Tx MXene solution, displaying low thermal conductivity (0.01 W/(m·K)), high electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) (75 dB), flame retardant, and heat insulation. Meanwhile, the as-obtained CA-M aerogels were also applied as a pressure sensor with excellent compression cycle stability and superior human motion monitoring capabilities. As a result, the dual-nanofiber based conductive aerogels have great potentials in flexible/wearable electronics, EMI shielding, flame retardant, and heat insulation.

Keywords: pressure sensing, heat insulation, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, flame retardant, synchronous deprotonation–protonation

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Publication history
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Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 08 August 2023
Revised: 08 September 2023
Accepted: 11 September 2023
Published: 11 November 2023
Issue date: March 2024

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press 2023

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (No. 20230742300). We are thankful to the Analysis & Testing Center of Shanghai University.

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