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Nano Research 2024, 17(4): 2814-2823 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-6165-1
Research Article | Issue | Published: 30 September 2023

A scalable versatile methodology to construct micro/nano open-cell polypropylene foam with high oil adsorption capacity and speed

Show Author's Information Chenguang Yang1,§( ),  Dechang Tao1,§,  Kun Yan1,  Zhiyao Li1,  Qingshi Guo1,  Wenwen Wang1( ),  Dong Wang1,2( )
Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products (Wuhan Textile University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China

§ Chenguang Yang and Dechang Tao contributed equally to this work.

Keywords:
electron beam irradiation, oil/water separation, cyclic compression, complex acid-base pH conditions, open-cell polypropylene (PP) foam
Topics:
Fabrication
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Yang C, Tao D, Yan K, et al. A scalable versatile methodology to construct micro/nano open-cell polypropylene foam with high oil adsorption capacity and speed. Nano Research, 2024, 17(4): 2814-2823. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-6165-1
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

Oil pollution is a serious environmental and natural resource problem. Traditional adsorption materials for oil–water separation have limitations in terms of their preparation cost, reusability, and mechanical properties. Among the conventional adsorption materials, super-hydrophobic/super-lipophilic materials are easily contaminated by oil. In this study, polypropylene (PP) is used as a foam substrate to prepare an open-cell PP foam via hot pressing, supercritical CO2 foaming, and electron beam (EB) irradiation. The impact of EB irradiation dose on the open-cell content of PP foam can lead to cell wall rupture, resulting in an open-cell structure that enhances oil-water separation performance. At an absorbed radiation dose of 200 kGy, the PP foams exhibit optimal oil–water separation performance, cyclic compression stability, heat insulation, and preparation cost. The open-cell content of PP foam is increased to 86.5%, the adsorption capacity for diesel oil is 42.8 g/g, and the adsorption efficiency remains at 99.6% after 100 cycles of oil desorption in a complex pH environment. Meanwhile, cracks and nano-voids simultaneously promote the capillary action of oil, and the oil transport rate is 0.0713 g/(g·s). This study provides a new concept for the preparation of open-cell polymer foams that can meet the demand for high oil-absorption capacity under complex acid-base pH conditions.


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Electronic supplementary material
About this article

A scalable versatile methodology to construct micro/nano open-cell polypropylene foam with high oil adsorption capacity and speed

Show Author's information Chenguang Yang1,§( ), Dechang Tao1,§, Kun Yan1, Zhiyao Li1, Qingshi Guo1, Wenwen Wang1( ), Dong Wang1,2( )
Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products (Wuhan Textile University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China

§ Chenguang Yang and Dechang Tao contributed equally to this work.

Abstract

Oil pollution is a serious environmental and natural resource problem. Traditional adsorption materials for oil–water separation have limitations in terms of their preparation cost, reusability, and mechanical properties. Among the conventional adsorption materials, super-hydrophobic/super-lipophilic materials are easily contaminated by oil. In this study, polypropylene (PP) is used as a foam substrate to prepare an open-cell PP foam via hot pressing, supercritical CO2 foaming, and electron beam (EB) irradiation. The impact of EB irradiation dose on the open-cell content of PP foam can lead to cell wall rupture, resulting in an open-cell structure that enhances oil-water separation performance. At an absorbed radiation dose of 200 kGy, the PP foams exhibit optimal oil–water separation performance, cyclic compression stability, heat insulation, and preparation cost. The open-cell content of PP foam is increased to 86.5%, the adsorption capacity for diesel oil is 42.8 g/g, and the adsorption efficiency remains at 99.6% after 100 cycles of oil desorption in a complex pH environment. Meanwhile, cracks and nano-voids simultaneously promote the capillary action of oil, and the oil transport rate is 0.0713 g/(g·s). This study provides a new concept for the preparation of open-cell polymer foams that can meet the demand for high oil-absorption capacity under complex acid-base pH conditions.

Keywords: electron beam irradiation, oil/water separation, cyclic compression, complex acid-base pH conditions, open-cell polypropylene (PP) foam

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Publication history
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Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 31 July 2023
Revised: 03 September 2023
Accepted: 05 September 2023
Published: 30 September 2023
Issue date: April 2024

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press 2023

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 12205225, U20A20257, and 51873166).

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