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Nano Research 2024, 17(1): 321-332 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5951-0
Research Article | Open Access | Issue | Published: 11 August 2023

An integrated portable bio-monitoring system based on tough hydrogels for comprehensive detection of physiological activities

Show Author's Information Congcong Yang1,  Chenchen Ji1( ),  Fengjiao Guo1,  Chunjiang Jin1,  Hongyu Mi1( ),  Zhongchang Wang2( )
State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China
International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Avenide Mestre Jose Veiga, Braga 4715-330, Portugal
Keywords:
strain sensor, human motion monitoring, Zn-based battery, Ionically conductive hydrogel, integrated bio-monitoring system
Topics:
BiosensorsIon batteries
Cite this article:
Yang C, Ji C, Guo F, et al. An integrated portable bio-monitoring system based on tough hydrogels for comprehensive detection of physiological activities. Nano Research, 2024, 17(1): 321-332. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5951-0
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

Advanced soft ion-conducting hydrogels have been developed rapidly in the integrated portable health monitoring equipment due to their higher sensitivity, sensory traits, tunable conductivity, and stretchability for physiological activities and personal healthcare detection. However, traditional hydrogel conductors are normally susceptible to large deformation and strong mechanical stress, which leads to inferior electro-mechanical stability for real application scenarios. Herein, a strong ionically conductive hydrogel (poly(vinyl alcohol)-boric acid-glycerol/sodium alginate-calcium chloride/electrolyte ions (PBG/SC/EI)) was designed by engineering the covalently and ionically crosslinked networks followed by the salting-out effect to further enhance the mechanical strength and ionic conductivity of the hydrogel. Owing to the collective effects of the energy-dissipation mechanism and salting-out effect, the designed PBG/SC/EI with excellent structural integrity and robustness exhibits exceptional mechanical properties (elongation at break for 559.1% and tensile strength of 869.4 kPa) and high ionic conductivity (1.618 S·m−1). As such, the PBG/SC/EI strain sensor features high sensitivity (gauge factor = 2.29), which can effectively monitor various kinds of human motions (joint motions, facial micro-expression, faint respiration, and voice recognition). Meanwhile, the hydrogel-based Zn||MnO2 battery delivers a high capacity of 267.2 mAh·g−1 and a maximal energy density of 356.8 Wh·kg−1 associated with good cycle performance of 71.8% capacity retention after 8000 cycles. Additionally, an integrated bio-monitoring system with the sensor and Zn||MnO2 battery can accurately identify diverse physiological activities in a real-time and non-invasive way. This work presents a feasible strategy for designing high-performance conductive hydrogels for highly-reliable integrated bio-monitoring systems with excellent practicability.


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Abstract
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Electronic supplementary material
About this article

An integrated portable bio-monitoring system based on tough hydrogels for comprehensive detection of physiological activities

Show Author's information Congcong Yang1, Chenchen Ji1( ), Fengjiao Guo1, Chunjiang Jin1, Hongyu Mi1( ), Zhongchang Wang2( )
State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China
International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Avenide Mestre Jose Veiga, Braga 4715-330, Portugal

Abstract

Advanced soft ion-conducting hydrogels have been developed rapidly in the integrated portable health monitoring equipment due to their higher sensitivity, sensory traits, tunable conductivity, and stretchability for physiological activities and personal healthcare detection. However, traditional hydrogel conductors are normally susceptible to large deformation and strong mechanical stress, which leads to inferior electro-mechanical stability for real application scenarios. Herein, a strong ionically conductive hydrogel (poly(vinyl alcohol)-boric acid-glycerol/sodium alginate-calcium chloride/electrolyte ions (PBG/SC/EI)) was designed by engineering the covalently and ionically crosslinked networks followed by the salting-out effect to further enhance the mechanical strength and ionic conductivity of the hydrogel. Owing to the collective effects of the energy-dissipation mechanism and salting-out effect, the designed PBG/SC/EI with excellent structural integrity and robustness exhibits exceptional mechanical properties (elongation at break for 559.1% and tensile strength of 869.4 kPa) and high ionic conductivity (1.618 S·m−1). As such, the PBG/SC/EI strain sensor features high sensitivity (gauge factor = 2.29), which can effectively monitor various kinds of human motions (joint motions, facial micro-expression, faint respiration, and voice recognition). Meanwhile, the hydrogel-based Zn||MnO2 battery delivers a high capacity of 267.2 mAh·g−1 and a maximal energy density of 356.8 Wh·kg−1 associated with good cycle performance of 71.8% capacity retention after 8000 cycles. Additionally, an integrated bio-monitoring system with the sensor and Zn||MnO2 battery can accurately identify diverse physiological activities in a real-time and non-invasive way. This work presents a feasible strategy for designing high-performance conductive hydrogels for highly-reliable integrated bio-monitoring systems with excellent practicability.

Keywords: strain sensor, human motion monitoring, Zn-based battery, Ionically conductive hydrogel, integrated bio-monitoring system

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Publication history

Received: 26 April 2023
Revised: 14 June 2023
Accepted: 20 June 2023
Published: 11 August 2023
Issue date: January 2024

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© The Author(s) 2023

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

The experiments involving human subjects have been performed with the full informed consent of the volunteer. The authors would gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21965033, U2003216, 22269023, and U2003132), the Key Research and Development Task Special Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (No. 2022B01040-3), the Special Projects on Regional Collaborative Innovation-SCO Science and Technology Partnership Program, and the International Science and Technology Cooperation Program (Nos. 2022E01020 and 2022E01056). Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (No. 2022D01C25) is gratefully acknowledged. Z. C. W. acknowledges the European Research Executive Agency (Project 101079184-FUNLAYERS). The authors would like to thank Rehab (Qingdao) Energy Technology Co., Ltd. for providing the MnO2 sample.

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Copyright: © 2023 by the author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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