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Nano Research 2023, 16(8): 11042-11047 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5830-8
Research Article | Issue | Published: 23 June 2023

A new FTO/TiO2/PbO2 electrode for eco-friendly electrochemical determination of chemical oxygen demand

Show Author's Information Lei Wang1,2,3,  Yuehan Zhang3,5,  Xiaoxuan Sun3,4,  Yunhui Li1,2( ),  Junfeng Zhai3( ),  Shaojun Dong3,4( )
School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
Keywords:
organic pollution, chemical oxygen demand, chloride interference, PbO2 electrode
Topics:
DepositionElectrocatalysts
Cite this article:
Wang L, Zhang Y, Sun X, et al. A new FTO/TiO2/PbO2 electrode for eco-friendly electrochemical determination of chemical oxygen demand. Nano Research, 2023, 16(8): 11042-11047. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5830-8
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

Eco-friendly chemical oxygen demand (COD) sensors are highly desired with respect to the importance of COD determination in environmental protection. In this work, a new FTO/TiO2/PbO2 (FTO = fluorine-doped tin oxide) electrode was fabricated with a two-step method and used as an eco-friendly electrochemical COD sensor. The interlayer TiO2 was employed to strengthen the adhesion of PbO2 on the FTO substrates by providing a large TiO2/PbO2 interface area. The effects of the factors including applied potential, supporting electrolyte concentration and stirring speed on the sensing performance were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, linear responses to the COD of water with different COD sources were achieved, and a linear range from 5 to 120 mg/L was obtained in the case of sucrose as the COD source. The relative standard deviations (RSD) were determined to be less than 9% for the glucose solutions with the COD of 7.5, 12.5 and 17.5 mg/L. For real sample analysis, the obtained results were comparable with those measured with the conventional dichromate method, with a relative error less than 11%.


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Electronic supplementary material
About this article

A new FTO/TiO2/PbO2 electrode for eco-friendly electrochemical determination of chemical oxygen demand

Show Author's information Lei Wang1,2,3, Yuehan Zhang3,5, Xiaoxuan Sun3,4, Yunhui Li1,2( ), Junfeng Zhai3( ), Shaojun Dong3,4( )
School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China

Abstract

Eco-friendly chemical oxygen demand (COD) sensors are highly desired with respect to the importance of COD determination in environmental protection. In this work, a new FTO/TiO2/PbO2 (FTO = fluorine-doped tin oxide) electrode was fabricated with a two-step method and used as an eco-friendly electrochemical COD sensor. The interlayer TiO2 was employed to strengthen the adhesion of PbO2 on the FTO substrates by providing a large TiO2/PbO2 interface area. The effects of the factors including applied potential, supporting electrolyte concentration and stirring speed on the sensing performance were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, linear responses to the COD of water with different COD sources were achieved, and a linear range from 5 to 120 mg/L was obtained in the case of sucrose as the COD source. The relative standard deviations (RSD) were determined to be less than 9% for the glucose solutions with the COD of 7.5, 12.5 and 17.5 mg/L. For real sample analysis, the obtained results were comparable with those measured with the conventional dichromate method, with a relative error less than 11%.

Keywords: organic pollution, chemical oxygen demand, chloride interference, PbO2 electrode

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Publication history
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Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 09 March 2023
Revised: 11 May 2023
Accepted: 11 May 2023
Published: 23 June 2023
Issue date: August 2023

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press 2023

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2020YFB2009000) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22074137).

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